toharisha

Swahili

Etymology

From tohara +‎ -isha (causative affix).

Verb

-toharisha (infinitive kutoharisha)

1. Causative form of tohara: to purify, to cleanse
   • 1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla, Duniani kuna watu, page 3:

     […] msalani ambako kulikuwa ni faragha ya mambo yote yanayohusu kujikosha, kujisafisha, kujinadhifisha, kujitoharisha na kusali.

     […] the bathroom, where there was privacy for all things related to washing oneself, cleaning oneself, tidying oneself, purifying oneself, and praying.

Conjugation

Conjugation of -toharisha
Positive present -natoharisha Subjunctive -toharishe Negative -toharishi Imperative singular toharisha
Infinitives
Positive kutoharisha Negative kutotoharisha
Imperatives
Singular toharisha Plural toharisheni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutoharisha Positive past positive subject concord + -litoharisha Negative past negative subject concord + -kutoharisha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natoharisha) Singular Plural 1st person ninatoharisha/natoharisha tunatoharisha 2nd person unatoharisha mnatoharisha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatoharisha wanatoharisha other classes positive subject concord + -natoharisha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -toharishi) Singular Plural 1st person sitoharishi hatutoharishi 2nd person hutoharishi hamtoharishi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatoharishi hawatoharishi other classes negative subject concord + -toharishi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatoharisha Negative future negative subject concord + -tatoharisha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -toharishe) Singular Plural 1st person nitoharishe tutoharishe 2nd person utoharishe mtoharishe 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoharishe watoharishe other classes positive subject concord + -toharishe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sitoharishe Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetoharisha Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetoharisha Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitoharisha Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitoharisha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atoharisha) Singular Plural 1st person natoharisha twatoharisha 2nd person watoharisha mwatoharisha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoharisha watoharisha m-mi(III/IV) watoharisha yatoharisha ji-ma(V/VI) latoharisha yatoharisha ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatoharisha vyatoharisha n(IX/X) yatoharisha zatoharisha u(XI) watoharisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwatoharisha pa(XVI) patoharisha mu(XVIII) mwatoharisha
Perfect positive subject concord + -metoharisha "Already" positive subject concord + -meshatoharisha "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatoharisha "If/When" positive subject concord + -kitoharisha "If not" positive subject concord + -sipotoharisha Consecutive katoharisha / positive subject concord + -katoharisha Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katoharishe
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nitoharisha -tutoharisha 2nd person -kutoharisha -watoharisha/-kutoharisheni/-watoharisheni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtoharisha -watoharisha m-mi(III/IV) -utoharisha -itoharisha ji-ma(V/VI) -litoharisha -yatoharisha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitoharisha -vitoharisha n(IX/X) -itoharisha -zitoharisha u(XI) -utoharisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kutoharisha pa(XVI) -patoharisha mu(XVIII) -mutoharisha Reflexive -jitoharisha
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -toharisha- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -toharishaye -toharishao m-mi(III/IV) -toharishao -toharishayo ji-ma(V/VI) -toharishalo -toharishayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -toharishacho -toharishavyo n(IX/X) -toharishayo -toharishazo u(XI) -toharishao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -toharishako pa(XVI) -toharishapo mu(XVIII) -toharishamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -toharisha) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yetoharisha -otoharisha m-mi(III/IV) -otoharisha -yotoharisha ji-ma(V/VI) -lotoharisha -yotoharisha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotoharisha -vyotoharisha n(IX/X) -yotoharisha -zotoharisha u(XI) -otoharisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kotoharisha pa(XVI) -potoharisha mu(XVIII) -motoharisha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -toharishia
  • Passive: -toharishwa
  • Reciprocal: -toharishana
  • Stative: -toharishika