mirt

Latvian

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *mir-, from the zero grade *mr̥- of Proto-Indo-European *mor-, *mer- (“to die”). An ancient derivation *mirtis (“death”) has been replaced by nāve (“death”) (q.v.), cf. Lithuanian mirti̇̀s (“death”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mīɾt]

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [mîɾt]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

mirt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present mirstu, mirsti, mirst, past miru)

1. (of people) to die (to cease to live, to cease to exist biologically)

   mirt sirmā vecumā ― to die of old age (lit. in gray age)

   mirt dabiskā nāvē ― to die of (lit. in) natural death

   zēna vecāki ir miruši ― the boy's parents have died

   mirt badu ― to die of hunger, to suffer from hunger, to starve

   viņa tēvs mira nelabā nāvē: nosmaka rijā ― his father died a bad death: he suffocated in the barn

   viņš pāršķeļ milzim galvu un tad, nāvīgās žults nonāvēts, krīt uz savas vāles un mirst ― he splits the giant's head and, poisoned by the deadly gall, falls on his club and dies

2. (of body parts) to die, to stop working

   pat pēkšņas nāves gadījumā dažādi organisma orgāni mirst pakāpeniski ― even in the case of sudden death, the various organs of the body die gradually

3. (poetic, of animals, plants) to die (to cease to live, to cease to exist biologically)

   būs laiks, kad pēdējais no gulbjiem mirs ― there will be a time when the last of the swans will die

   apdegšas, mirušas ābeles stiepa pret debesīm melnas, sāpju pilnas zaru rokas ― burned, dead apple trees stretched to the sky the black, painful arms of (their) branches

4. (figuratively, of social, natural phenomena; also ideas, thoughts, mental states) to die (to cease to exist)

   mirstošais fašisms ― the dying fascism

   tu droši vien zini, kā ir tad, kad mirst mīlestība ― you probably it is how it is (= what it is like) when love dies

5. (figuratively, of ideas, thoughts, knowledge) to die (to be forgotten, to become insignificant, unimportant, pointless, meaningless)

   mirusa valoda ― dead language (no longer having native speakers)

   mīts par bijušo Kurzemes koloniju Gambiju bija miris jau sen ― the myth of the former Kurzeme colony of Gambia had died long ago

6. (figuratively, of places) to die (to become uninhabited)

   mirusi planēta ― dead planet

   ir māja dzīva, nav tā mirusi, ja tajā tikšķot dzird vēl pulksteni ― a house is alive, not dead, if one still hears a clock ticking in it

Conjugation

Conjugation of mirt

	indicative (īstenības izteiksme)					imperative (pavēles izteiksme)
		present (tagadne)	past (pagātne)		future (nākotne)
1st person sg	es	mirstu	miru		miršu	—
2nd person sg	tu	mirsti	miri		mirsi	mirsti
3rd person sg	viņš, viņa	mirst	mira		mirs	lai mirst
1st person pl	mēs	mirstam	mirām		mirsim	mirsim
2nd person pl	jūs	mirstat	mirāt		mirsiet, mirsit	mirstiet
3rd person pl	viņi, viņas	mirst	mira		mirs	lai mirst
renarrative (atstāstījuma izteiksme)				participles (divdabji)
present	mirstot			present active 1 (adj.)		mirstošs
past	esot miris			present active 2 (adv.)		mirdams
future	miršot			present active 3 (adv.)		mirstot
imperative	lai mirstot			present active 4 (obj.)		mirstam
conditional (vēlējuma izteiksme)				past active		miris
present	mirtu			present passive		mirstams
past	būtu miris			past passive		mirts
debitive (vajadzības izteiksme)				nominal forms
indicative	(būt) jāmirst			infinitive (nenoteiksme)		mirt
conjunctive 1	esot jāmirst			negative infinitive		nemirt
conjunctive 2	jāmirstot			verbal noun		miršana

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:

• apmirt
• atmirt
• nomirt
• pamirt

Related terms

• mironis
• mirstīgs, mirstīgums
• mirstība

See also

• nāve

Polish

mirt

Alternative forms

• mirta

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin myrtus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmirt/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -irt
• Syllabification: mirt

Noun

mirt m inan

1. myrtle (any shrub of the genus Myrtus)

Declension

Declension of mirt

	singular	plural
nominative	mirt	mirty
genitive	mirtu	mirtów
dative	mirtowi	mirtom
accusative	mirt	mirty
instrumental	mirtem	mirtami
locative	mircie	mirtach
vocative	mircie	mirty

Further reading

• mirt in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• mirt in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin myrtus, French myrte.

Noun

mirt m (plural mirți)

1. myrtle

Declension

Declension of mirt

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	mirt	mirtul		mirți	mirții
genitive-dative	mirt	mirtului		mirți	mirților
vocative	mirtule			mirților