beran

See also: Beran

Basque

Adjective

beran

1. inessive anim singular of bera

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *baranъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛran]

Noun

beran m anim

1. ram (male sheep)
2. (expressive) stubborn person
3. (obsolete, derogatory) evangelical

Declension

Declension of beran (hard masculine animate)

	singular	plural
nominative	beran	berani
genitive	berana	beranů
dative	beranovi, beranu	beranům
accusative	berana	berany
vocative	berane	berani
locative	beranovi, beranu	beranech
instrumental	beranem	berany

Noun

beran m inan or m anim

1. ram (heavy device for battering down walls)
2. ram (heavy metal weight for driving piles)
3. ram (device on a ship for ramming other ships)
4. (agriculture) conical hay drying rack
5. (popular) garland of dogwood or yarrow branches for Palm Sunday
6. (in the plural, sports, slang) curved bicycle handlebars

Declension

when inanimate:

Declension of beran (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	beran	berany
genitive	beranu	beranů
dative	beranu	beranům
accusative	beran	berany
vocative	berane	berany
locative	beranu, beraně	beranech
instrumental	beranem	berany

when animate:

Declension of beran (hard masculine animate)

	singular	plural
nominative	beran	berani
genitive	berana	beranů
dative	berani	beranům
accusative	berana	berany
vocative	berane	berani
locative	berani	beranech
instrumental	beranem	berany

Derived terms

• beraní
• beránek

 

See also

• ovce
• jehně

Further reading

• “beran”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “beran”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “beran”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

Related to berx (lamb), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥h₁ḗn (“ram”), see there for more. Compare also Proto-Slavic *baranъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɛˈɾɑːn/

Noun

beran m

1. ram

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *beran, from Proto-Germanic *beraną.

Verb

beran

1. to bear, to carry

Inflection

Conjugation of beran (strong class 4)

infinitive	beran
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	bero, beron	bar
2nd person singular	biris, birist	bāri, bāris
3rd person singular	birit	bar
1st person plural	beron	bārun
2nd person plural	beret	bārut
3rd person plural	beront	bārun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	bere	bāri
2nd person singular	beres, berest	bāri, bāris
3rd person singular	bere	bāri
1st person plural	beren	bārin
2nd person plural	beret	bārit
3rd person plural	beren	bārin
imperative	present
singular	ber, bir
plural	beret
participle	present	past
	berandi	boran, giboran

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: bēren

Further reading

• “beran”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Alternative forms

• beoran

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *beran, from Proto-Germanic *beraną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti.

Cognate with Old Frisian bera, Old Saxon beran, Old Dutch beran, Old High German beran, Old Norse bera, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan). The Indo-European root was also the source of Old Irish biru, Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō), Latin ferre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbe.rɑn/

Verb

beran

1. to carry, bear, hold
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"

     ...þā læġ þǣr sum creopere lama fram cildhāde sē wæs dæġhwāmlīce ġeboren tō þām beorhtan ġete þæt hē ælmessan underfencge æt þām infarendum...

     Then lay there a cripple, lame from childhood, who was daily carried to the 'Beautiful' Gate, that he might receive alms from those entering.

   • c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Clement the Martyr"

     Þā sē enġel ġelǣhte hine be þām feaxe and hine bær tō Babylōne.

     Then the angel grabbed him by the hair and carried him to Babylon.

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "On the Greater Litany"

     Sē rīċa and sē þearfa sind weġfērende on þisse weorolde. Sē rīċa birþ māre þonne hē behōfiġe tō his formetum, sē ōðer birþ ǣmtiġne pusan. For þȳ sċeal sē rīċa dǣlan his byrðenne wiþ þone þearfan: þonne wanaþ hē þā byrðenne his synna, and þām þearfan ġehilpþ.

     The rich and the poor are both wayfarers in this world. The rich carry more than they need for the journey, while the poor hold an empty sack. That's why the rich should share their burden with the poor. That way they can lighten the burden of their sins, and help the poor.

2. to wear
3. to sustain, support
4. to bring forth, produce, give birth
   • late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans

     On þām dagum wæs Alexander ġeboren on Crēcum.

     At that time, Alexander was born in Greece.

Conjugation

Conjugation of beran (strong class 4)

infinitive	beran	berenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	bere	bær
second person singular	birest, birst	bǣre
third person singular	bireþ, birþ	bær
plural	beraþ	bǣron
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	bere	bǣre
plural	beren	bǣren
imperative
singular	ber
plural	beraþ
participle	present	past
	berende	(ġe)boren

Derived terms

• āberan
• -bora
• forberan
• foreberan
• forþberan
• ōþberan
• ġeberan
• ġeboren
• underberan

Descendants

• Middle English: beren, beoren, bearen, baren
  • English: bear
  • Scots: bere, beir
  • Yola: ber, baar

Old High German

Alternative forms

• peran

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *beran, from Proto-Germanic *beraną, whence also Old Saxon beran, Old English beran, Old Norse bera, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.

Verb

beran

1. to bear

Conjugation

Conjugation of beran (strong class 4)

infinitive	beran
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	biru, biro	bar
2nd person singular	biris, birist	bāri
3rd person singular	birit	bar
1st person plural	berem, beremēs	bārum, bārumēs
2nd person plural	beret	bārut
3rd person plural	berant	bārun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	bere	bāri
2nd person singular	berēs, berēst	bārīs, bārīst
3rd person singular	bere	bāri
1st person plural	berēm, beremēs	bārīm, bārīmēs
2nd person plural	berēt	bārīt
3rd person plural	berēn	bārīn
imperative	present
singular	bir
plural	beret
participle	present	past
	beranti	giboran

Related terms

• giberan

Descendants

• Middle High German: bëren, bërn
  • ⇒ German: gebären
  • Alemannic German: beren

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *beran, from Proto-Germanic *beraną, whence also Old English beran, Old High German beran, Old Norse bera, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.

Verb

beran

1. to bear
   • (Can we date this quote?), Heliand, verse 2309:

     thena lefna lamon bārun mid is beddiu

     They were bearing the living lame man with his bed

Conjugation

Conjugation of beran (strong class 4)

infinitive	beran
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	biru	bar
2nd person singular	biris	bāri
3rd person singular	birid	bar
plural	berad	bārun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	bere	bāri
2nd person singular	beres	bāris
3rd person singular	bere	bāri
plural	beren	bārin
imperative	present
singular	ber
plural	berad
participle	present	past
	birandi	giboran, boran

Related terms

• giboran
• giberan

Descendants

• Middle Low German: beren, baren
  • German Low German: böhren
  • Westphalian:

    Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: buar'n

    Sauerländisch: ⇒ gebe̗ren

    Westmünsterländisch: bohrn