arguo

Latin

Etymology

Often taken to be a denominative verb 'to make bright, enlighten' to Proto-Italic *argu- (“bright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érǵus (“white”), from *h₂erǵ-. Thus cognate with Ancient Greek ἄργυρος (árguros) and Hittite 𒄯𒆠𒅖 (ḫarkiš, “bright, white”). If so, compare English declare (literally “to make clear”) for the sense development.

Duchesne-Guillemin, Laroche and Melchert reject the above etymology and instead compare arguo with the semantically better-fitting Hittite [script needed] (arkuwā(i)-, “state one's case, make a plea”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈar.ɡu.oː/, [ˈärɡuoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈar.ɡu.o/, [ˈärɡuo]

Verb

arguō (present infinitive arguere, perfect active arguī, supine argūtum); third conjugation

1. (to make clear to the mind): to clarify, to make plain; to assert, declare, prove, show

   Synonyms: affirmō, firmō, contendō, aiō, fīgō

2. to reprove, accuse, charge with

   Synonyms: accūsō, condemnō, crīminor, compellō, obloquor, obiectō, corripiō, arripiō, pulsō, incūsō, arcessō

   • Vulgate; Prōverbia, 9:8

     Nōlī arguere dērīsōrem nē ōderit tē argue sapientem et dīliget tē.

     Translation from American Standard Version:

     Reprove not a scoffer, lest he hate thee: Reprove a wise man, and he will love thee.

3. to blame, censure

   Synonyms: obiūrgō, castīgō, perstringō, īnsector, corripiō, exprobrō, accūsō, incūsō, damnō, obloquor, acclāmō, inclāmō, increpō, animadvertō, reprehendō, compellō

4. to denounce as false

Conjugation

Conjugation of arguō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	arguō	arguis	arguit	arguimus	arguitis	arguunt
	imperfect	arguēbam	arguēbās	arguēbat	arguēbāmus	arguēbātis	arguēbant
	future	arguam	arguēs	arguet	arguēmus	arguētis	arguent
	perfect	arguī	arguistī	arguit	arguimus	arguistis	arguērunt, arguēre
	pluperfect	argueram	arguerās	arguerat	arguerāmus	arguerātis	arguerant
	future perfect	arguerō	argueris	arguerit	arguerimus	argueritis	arguerint
passive	present	arguor	argueris, arguere	arguitur	arguimur	arguiminī	arguuntur
	imperfect	arguēbar	arguēbāris, arguēbāre	arguēbātur	arguēbāmur	arguēbāminī	arguēbantur
	future	arguar	arguēris, arguēre	arguētur	arguēmur	arguēminī	arguentur
	perfect	argūtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	argūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	argūtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	arguam	arguās	arguat	arguāmus	arguātis	arguant
	imperfect	arguerem	arguerēs	argueret	arguerēmus	arguerētis	arguerent
	perfect	arguerim	arguerīs	arguerit	arguerīmus	arguerītis	arguerint
	pluperfect	arguissem	arguissēs	arguisset	arguissēmus	arguissētis	arguissent
passive	present	arguar	arguāris, arguāre	arguātur	arguāmur	arguāminī	arguantur
	imperfect	arguerer	arguerēris, arguerēre	arguerētur	arguerēmur	arguerēminī	arguerentur
	perfect	argūtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	argūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	argue	—	—	arguite	—
	future	—	arguitō	arguitō	—	arguitōte	arguuntō
passive	present	—	arguere	—	—	arguiminī	—
	future	—	arguitor	arguitor	—	—	arguuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		arguere	arguisse	argūtūrum esse	arguī	argūtum esse	argūtum īrī
participles		arguēns	—	argūtūrus	—	argūtus	arguendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		arguendī	arguendō	arguendum	arguendō	argūtum	argūtū

Derived terms

• argūmentātiō
• argūmentātor
• argūmentor
• argūmentum
• argūtum
• argūtus
• coarguō
• redarguō

 

Descendants

• Catalan: argüir
• English: argue
• French: arguer
• Galician: argüír
• Italian: arguire
• Portuguese: arguir
• Spanish: argüir

References

• “arguo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “arguo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arguo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Portuguese

Verb

arguo

1. first-person singular present indicative of arguir