arguo

Latin

Etymology

Often taken to be a denominative verb 'to make bright, enlighten' to Proto-Italic *argu- (“bright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érǵus (“white”), from *h₂erǵ-. Thus cognate with Ancient Greek ἄργυρος (árguros) and Hittite 𒄯𒆠𒅖 (ḫarkiš, “bright, white”). If so, compare English declare (literally “to make clear”) for the sense development.^[1]

Duchesne-Guillemin, Laroche and Melchert reject the above etymology and instead compare arguo with the semantically better-fitting Hittite [script needed] (arkuwā(i)-, “state one's case, make a plea”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈar.ɡu.oː/, [ˈärɡuoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈar.ɡu.o/, [ˈärɡuo]

Verb

arguō (present infinitive arguere, perfect active arguī, supine argūtum); third conjugation

(to make clear to the mind): to clarify, to make plain; to assert, declare, prove, show
Synonyms: affirmō, firmō, contendō, aiō, fīgō
to reprove, accuse, charge with
Synonyms: accūsō, condemnō, crīminor, compellō, obloquor, obiectō, corripiō, arripiō, pulsō, incūsō, arcessō
- Vulgate; Prōverbia, 9:8
  Nōlī arguere dērīsōrem nē ōderit tē argue sapientem et dīliget tē.
  Translation from American Standard Version:
  Reprove not a scoffer, lest he hate thee: Reprove a wise man, and he will love thee.
to blame, censure
Synonyms: obiūrgō, castīgō, perstringō, īnsector, corripiō, exprobrō, accūsō, incūsō, damnō, obloquor, acclāmō, inclāmō, increpō, animadvertō, reprehendō, compellō
to denounce as false
to argue, to allege; to disclose; to complain of, convict

Conjugation

Conjugation of arguō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	arguō	arguis		arguit	arguimus	arguitis		arguunt
	imperfect	arguēbam	arguēbās		arguēbat	arguēbāmus	arguēbātis		arguēbant
	future	arguam	arguēs		arguet	arguēmus	arguētis		arguent
	perfect	arguī	arguistī		arguit	arguimus	arguistis		arguērunt, arguēre
	pluperfect	argueram	arguerās		arguerat	arguerāmus	arguerātis		arguerant
	future perfect	arguerō	argueris		arguerit	arguerimus	argueritis		arguerint
passive	present	arguor	argueris, arguere		arguitur	arguimur	arguiminī		arguuntur
	imperfect	arguēbar	arguēbāris, arguēbāre		arguēbātur	arguēbāmur	arguēbāminī		arguēbantur
	future	arguar	arguēris, arguēre		arguētur	arguēmur	arguēminī		arguentur
	perfect	argūtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	argūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	argūtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	arguam	arguās		arguat	arguāmus	arguātis		arguant
	imperfect	arguerem	arguerēs		argueret	arguerēmus	arguerētis		arguerent
	perfect	arguerim	arguerīs		arguerit	arguerīmus	arguerītis		arguerint
	pluperfect	arguissem	arguissēs		arguisset	arguissēmus	arguissētis		arguissent
passive	present	arguar	arguāris, arguāre		arguātur	arguāmur	arguāminī		arguantur
	imperfect	arguerer	arguerēris, arguerēre		arguerētur	arguerēmur	arguerēminī		arguerentur
	perfect	argūtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	argūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	argue		—	—	arguite		—
active	future	—	arguitō		arguitō	—	arguitōte		arguuntō
passive	present	—	arguere		—	—	arguiminī		—
passive	future	—	arguitor		arguitor	—	—		arguuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		arguere		arguī		arguēns		—
future		argūtūrum esse		argūtum īrī		argūtūrus		arguendus
perfect		arguisse		argūtum esse		—		argūtus
future perfect		—		argūtum fore		—		—
perfect potential		argūtūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		arguendī	arguendō		arguendum	arguendō	argūtum		argūtū

Derived terms

Descendants

Catalan: argüir
English: argue
French: arguer
Galician: argüír
Italian: arguire
Portuguese: arguir
Spanish: argüir

References

“arguo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“arguo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
arguo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “arguō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 53

Portuguese

Verb

arguo

first-person singular present indicative of arguir

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “arguō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 53

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