ajaa
See also: -ajaa
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *ajadak, from Proto-Uralic *aja-.[1] Cognates include Estonian ajama and Northern Sami vuodjit. Has also been compared with Erzya айгемс (ajgems, “to move sth”) (which may be derived from Proto-Mordvinic *ajə-).[2] Probably an old borrowing from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- or one of its descendants;[1] see the Proto-Uralic entry for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ajaa
- (transitive) to drive, ride, travel (in a vehicle), transport (e.g. in a car)
- ajaa autoa ― to drive a car
- ajaa polkupyörällä ― to ride a bike
- ajaa ylinopeutta ― to speed (drive at a speed faster than the speed limit)
- rekat ajavat hiekkaa ― the trucks are transporting sand
- used of several other forms of movement
- ajaa kilpaa / ajaa rallia ― to race (rally)
- ajaa yhteen ― to collide
- ajaa yli ― to run over
- ajaa puuhun ― to crash onto a tree
- ajaa karille ― to run aground
- tykistö ajoi asemiin ― the artillery took positions
- (transitive) to drive away, chase, pursue, expel, deport
- ajaa tiehensä / ajaa pois ― to chase away
- ajaa takaa ― to chase, pursue
- (transitive) to drive, herd (herd animals in a particular direction)
- ajaa karjaa ― to drive cattle
- (transitive, usually atelic) to advocate (an idea)
- Synonym: kannattaa
- ajaa läpi ― to push through
- ajaa luonnonsuojelun asiaa ― to advocate the case of nature protection
- (transitive) to force (into a certain state)
- (transitive) to operate (a device)
- ajaa moottori sisään ― to break in / run in an engine
- Ydinvoimala ajettiin alas huoltoa varten.
- The nuclear power plant was shut down for maintenance.
- (transitive) to shave, cut
- Synonym: leikata
- ajaa partansa ― to shave (one's beard)
- ajaa nurmikko ― to cut the grass
- (transitive, computing) to run, execute (a computer program)
- Synonym: suorittaa
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of ajaa (Kotus type 56/kaivaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | ajan | en aja | 1st sing. | olen ajanut | en ole ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | ajat | et aja | 2nd sing. | olet ajanut | et ole ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | ajaa | ei aja | 3rd sing. | on ajanut | ei ole ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | ajamme | emme aja | 1st plur. | olemme ajaneet | emme ole ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | ajatte | ette aja | 2nd plur. | olette ajaneet | ette ole ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | ajavat | eivät aja | 3rd plur. | ovat ajaneet | eivät ole ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | ajetaan | ei ajeta | passive | on ajettu | ei ole ajettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | ajoin | en ajanut | 1st sing. | olin ajanut | en ollut ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | ajoit | et ajanut | 2nd sing. | olit ajanut | et ollut ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | ajoi | ei ajanut | 3rd sing. | oli ajanut | ei ollut ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | ajoimme | emme ajaneet | 1st plur. | olimme ajaneet | emme olleet ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | ajoitte | ette ajaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte ajaneet | ette olleet ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | ajoivat | eivät ajaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat ajaneet | eivät olleet ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | ajettiin | ei ajettu | passive | oli ajettu | ei ollut ajettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | ajaisin | en ajaisi | 1st sing. | olisin ajanut | en olisi ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | ajaisit | et ajaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit ajanut | et olisi ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | ajaisi | ei ajaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi ajanut | ei olisi ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | ajaisimme | emme ajaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme ajaneet | emme olisi ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | ajaisitte | ette ajaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte ajaneet | ette olisi ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | ajaisivat | eivät ajaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat ajaneet | eivät olisi ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | ajettaisiin | ei ajettaisi | passive | olisi ajettu | ei olisi ajettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | aja | älä aja | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | ajakoon | älköön ajako | 3rd sing. | olkoon ajanut | älköön olko ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | ajakaamme | älkäämme ajako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | ajakaa | älkää ajako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | ajakoot | älkööt ajako | 3rd plur. | olkoot ajaneet | älkööt olko ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | ajettakoon | älköön ajettako | passive | olkoon ajettu | älköön olko ajettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | ajanen | en ajane | 1st sing. | lienen ajanut | en liene ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | ajanet | et ajane | 2nd sing. | lienet ajanut | et liene ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | ajanee | ei ajane | 3rd sing. | lienee ajanut | ei liene ajanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | ajanemme | emme ajane | 1st plur. | lienemme ajaneet | emme liene ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | ajanette | ette ajane | 2nd plur. | lienette ajaneet | ette liene ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | ajanevat | eivät ajane | 3rd plur. | lienevät ajaneet | eivät liene ajaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | ajettaneen | ei ajettane | passive | lienee ajettu | ei liene ajettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | ajaa | present | ajava | ajettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | ajanut | ajettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | ajaessa | ajettaessa | agent4 | ajama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | ajamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | ajaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | ajamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | ajamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | ajamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | ajamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | ajamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | ajaman | ajettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | ajaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]nouns
proper nouns
verbs
compounds
Related terms
[edit]- aitta (potentially)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “ajaa”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
- ^ Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial[2], Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26., page 156
Further reading
[edit]- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
- “ajaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Greenlandic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]ajaa
References
[edit]- ajaa in Katersat
- Lorentzen, S. Den grønlandske ordbog, at oqaasileriffik.gl
Votic
[edit]Verb
[edit]ajaa
- Alternative spelling of ajja
References
[edit]- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
Categories:
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Finnish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eǵ-
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑjɑː
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑjɑː/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish transitive verbs
- Finnish terms with collocations
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- fi:Computing
- Finnish kaivaa-type verbs
- Greenlandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greenlandic lemmas
- Greenlandic interjections
- Votic lemmas
- Votic verbs