Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁reh₁-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁réh₁

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology 1

Root

*h₁reh₁- ~ *h₁erh₁-^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

to row

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁reh₁- (row) (7 c, 0 e)

*h₁r̥h₁-yé-ti (ye-present)^[2]^[3]^[4]
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Latvian: ir̃t
  - Lithuanian: ìrti
- Hellenic:
  - Mycenaean Greek: 𐀁𐀩𐀁 (e-re-e /⁠ereʰen⁠/)
*h₁roh₁-(ye-)-ti (o-grade ye-present)^[2]^[5]
- Proto-Celtic: *rāyeti
  - Old Irish: ráïd
- Proto-Germanic: *rōaną (see there for further descendants)
*h₁reh₁-(s)-mó-s^[6]
- Proto-Celtic: *rāmyos
  - Proto-Brythonic: *rrọβ̃
    - Middle Breton: reuf
    - Cornish: rêv
    - Welsh: rhaw
  - Old Irish: rámae
    - Middle Irish: ráma
      - Irish: rámh, rámha
      - Manx: raue
      - Scottish Gaelic: ràmh
- Proto-Italic: *rē(z)mos
  - Latin: rēmus (“oar”)
*h₁reh₁-t-^[4]
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἐρέτης (erétēs), ἐρετμός (eretmós), ἐρετμόν (eretmón), ἐρέσσω (eréssō)
    Mycenaean Greek: 𐀁𐀩𐀲 (e-re-ta /⁠eretās⁠/)
*h₁réh₁-ti-s ~ *h₁r̥h₁-téy-s^[7]
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: εἰρεσῐ́α (eiresĭ́a)
    Ionic Greek: εἰρεσῐ́η (eiresĭ́ē)
- Proto-Italic: *ratis
  - Latin: ratis
*h₁r̥h₁-tlo-m^[8]
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Latvian: ir̃kls, ir̃klis
  - Lithuanian: ìrklas
*h₁érh₁-tro-m or *h₁érh₁-tlo-m
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HárHtram
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HárHtram
    - Sanskrit: अरित्र (arítra, áritra)
*h₁roh₁-tro-m
- Proto-Germanic: *rōþrą (“rudder”) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “338”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 338
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 251-252
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 204–205
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἐρέτης”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 454
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 306
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “rēmus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 518-519
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ratis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 514-515
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 203

Etymology 2

From *h₁réh₁ (“sparsely”), from *h₁er-.

Root

*h₁reh₁-^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁reh₁- (separate) (3 c, 0 e)

*h₁réh₁-dʰ-o-s^[1]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rēˀdas^[8]^[9]
  - Latvian: rēds
  - ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rēˀdukas
    - Proto-Slavic: *rědъkъ (“sparse, rare”) (see there for further descendants)
  - ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rēˀdnas^[9]
    - Lithuanian: rę̃ns, rę̄ns, rę̄ds (“leaking”)
*h₁réh₁-mo-s^[7]
- Proto-Hellenic: *erḗmos
  - Ancient Greek: ἐρῆμος (erêmos, “lonely, uninhabited, deserted”), (later) ἔρημος (érēmos) (see there for further descendants)
  - Mycenaean Greek: 𐀁𐀩𐀗 (e-re-mo /⁠erēmos⁠/)
*h₁réh₁-to-s^[7]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rēˀtas (“sparse, spacious, rare, solitary”)
  - Lithuanian: rẽtas
  - Latvian: rȩts
*h₁r̥h₁-ró-s^[10]^[7]
- Proto-Italic: *rāros
  - Latin: rārus (“loose, sparse, rare”) (see there for further descendants)
*h₁réh₁-trih₂ (with *-trih₂)^[5]^[6]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HráHtriH (see there for further descendants)
*h₁roh₁-w-
- *h₁roh₁-w-eh₂
  - Proto-Germanic: *rōō (“quiet”)
  - Hellenic:
    - Ancient Greek: ἐρωή (erōḗ, “rest”)
- *h₁roh₁-w-o-
  - Proto-Germanic: *rōwaz
    - Old Norse: rór
*h₁rh̥₁-s-nó-
- Proto-Germanic: *razną (“house”)
*h₁rh̥₁-mó-
- Proto-Celtic: *aramos
  - Middle Welsh: araf (“quiet, leisurely”)
Unsorted formations:
- Avestan: 𐬭𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬥 (rāman, “peace, tranquility”)
- Old Irish: árus (“habitation”)
  - Irish: áras
- >? Latin: rēte

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “er-, erə-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 332-333
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rědъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 343
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἐρῆμος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 456-457
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “rēte / rētis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 521
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “rā́trī”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 447
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “rā́trī-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “έρημος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 456-457
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rědъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 434
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Derksen, Rick (2015) “rēns”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 547
^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 310f

[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “338”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 338

[LIV-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 251-252

[D_irti-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 204–205

[Beekes-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἐρέτης”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 454

[M_*rayo--5] 5.0 ^5.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 306

[DV_remus-6] 6.0 ^6.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “rēmus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 518-519

[DV_ratis-7] 7.0 ^7.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ratis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 514-515

[D_irklas-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 203

[IEW-9] 1.0 ^1.1 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “er-, erə-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 332-333

[D_*rědъkъ-10] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rědъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 343

[Beekes-11] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἐρῆμος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 456-457

[DV_rete-12] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “rēte / rētis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 521

[EWAia-13] 5.0 ^5.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “rā́trī”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 447

[IAIL-14] 6.0 ^6.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “rā́trī-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[EDG-15] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “έρημος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 456-457

[EDSIL-16] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rědъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 434

[EDBIL-17] 9.0 ^9.1 Derksen, Rick (2015) “rēns”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 547

[18] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 310f

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