Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/teraną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split, cleave, crack”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈte.rɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*teraną

1. to tear; snatch or pull off (from); tug

Inflection

Conjugation of *teraną (strong class 4)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*terō	*teraų	—	*terai	?
2nd singular	*tirizi	*teraiz	*ter	*terazai	*teraizau
3rd singular	*tiridi	*terai	*teradau	*teradai	*teraidau
1st dual	*terōz	*teraiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*teradiz	*teraidiz	*teradiz	—	—
1st plural	*teramaz	*teraim	—	*terandai	*teraindau
2nd plural	*tirid	*teraid	*tirid	*terandai	*teraindau
3rd plural	*terandi	*terain	*terandau	*terandai	*teraindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*tar	*tērį̄
2nd singular	*tart	*tērīz
3rd singular	*tar	*tērī
1st dual	*tērū	*tērīw
2nd dual	*tērudiz	*tērīdiz
1st plural	*tērum	*tērīm
2nd plural	*tērud	*tērīd
3rd plural	*tērun	*tērīn
	present	past
participles	*terandz	*turanaz

Derived terms

• *tarjaną
• *tartaz
  • Old English: teart (see there for further descendants)
• *turþiz

Related terms

• *tardaz
• *turnaną
• *turnaz
• *turdą

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *teran
  • Old English: teran
    • Middle English: teren, teer, teere, tere, tern, teryn, teer
      • English: tear
      • Scots: tere, teir, tair
  • Old Frisian: tera
    • Saterland Frisian: teere
    • West Frisian: tarre
  • Old Saxon: teran
    • Middle Low German: teren (merged with Proto-West Germanic *tarjan)
      • German Low German: tehren
      • → Old Norse: tæra
        • Danish: tære
        • Swedish: tära
        • Norwegian Bokmål: tære
        • Norwegian Nynorsk: tæra, tære
        • Icelandic: tæra
  • Old High German: zeran
    • Middle High German: zern, zeren (merged with Proto-West Germanic *tarjan, a strong participle Middle High German zerzorn is attested)
      • German: zehren
      • Luxembourgish: zieren
• Gothic: *𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (*tairan) (in 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (distairan), 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (gatairan))
• →? Vulgar Latin: *tīrāre