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N-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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Abbreviation of nitrogen.

Prefix

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N-

  1. (organic chemistry) the functional group that carries this prefix is attached to a nitrogen atom on the parent molecular segment

Derived terms

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  • N (nitrogen)

Lithuanian

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Etymology

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Abbreviation of nuo (from), referencing the minimum age required in order to watch a film.

Prefix

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N-

  1. (film) Used for film rating systems in Lithuania.

Derived terms

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Ternate

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Etymology

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Similar to processes found in a number of North Halmaheran languages.

Prefix

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N-

  1. derives nouns from verbs
    N- + ‎ahu (to grow) → ‎gahu (a sprout)
    N- + ‎ciko (crooked) → ‎jiko (corner, elbow, bay)
    N- + ‎fesa (wet) → ‎besa (rain)
    N- + ‎hahe (to pull in) → ‎ngahe (high tide)
    N- + ‎kuraci (yellow) → ‎guraci (gold, turmeric)
    N- + ‎tolabane (to take passage (on a boat, etc.)) → ‎dolabane (shipload)
    N- + ‎waje (to say) → ‎ngajengaje (story) (with reduplication)
  2. increases the transitivity of a verb
    N- + ‎ari (to cry) → ‎gari (to mourn, to cry for)
    N- + ‎fahe (to leak) → ‎bahe (to spread)
    N- + ‎firi (to make way) → ‎biri (to take with)
    N- + ‎ise (to hear) → ‎gise (to listen to)
  3. derives a verb from a verb
    N- + ‎himo (old, old person) → ‎ngimo (old)
    N- + ‎hohi (to count (something)) → ‎nyonyohi (to heed (someone's) advice)
    N- + ‎pala (to rise) → ‎bala (to float up)
    N- + ‎tero (to make a hit) → ‎dero (to make a hit)
  4. derives a noun from a noun
    N- + ‎hagi (debt, claim) → ‎nyagi (debt)

Usage notes

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N- behaves differently depending upon the initial phoneme of the root it is applied to.

  • initial consonants f and p become b
  • initial consonant t becomes d
  • initial consonant k becomes g
  • initial consonant c becomes j
  • initial consonant h, when deriving historically from *y, becomes ny
  • initial consonants h (not from historical *y) and w become ng
  • initial consonants b, d, g, j, l, m, n, ng, ny r, and s remain unchanged
  • vowel-initial roots with an underlying glottal stop are prefixed with g
  • vowel-initial roots with no underlying glottal stop remain unchanged

References

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