那羅延

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (那羅延)		那	羅	延
simp. (那罗延)		那	罗	延

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit नारायण (nārāyaṇa).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Nàluóyán, Nuóluóyán

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄢˊ, ㄋㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄢˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Nàluóyán
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Nàluóyán
  - Wade–Giles: Na⁴-lo²-yen²
  - Yale: Nà-lwó-yán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Nahluoyan
  - Palladius: Налоянь (Nalojanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nä⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Nuóluóyán
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Nuóluóyán
  - Wade–Giles: No²-lo²-yen²
  - Yale: Nwó-lwó-yán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Nuoluoyan
  - Palladius: Нолоянь (Nolojanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

Middle Chinese: na la yen

Rime
Character	那	羅	延
Reading #	1/3	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	來 (37)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	III
Fanqie	諾何切	魯何切	以然切
Baxter	na	la	yen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nɑ/	/lɑ/	/jiᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/nɑ/	/lɑ/	/jiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/nɑ/	/lɑ/	/jæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/na/	/la/	/jian/
Li Rong	/nɑ/	/lɑ/	/iɛn/
Wang Li	/nɑ/	/lɑ/	/jĭɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/nɑ/	/lɑ/	/i̯ɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nuó	luó	yán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	no⁴	lo⁴	jin⁴

Proper noun

那羅延

(religion) Narayana (name of a deity in various Indian religious traditions, also used as a theophoric name)
- 示入羸劣醜陋，而得那羅延身，一切眾生之所樂見。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  示入羸劣丑陋，而得那罗延身，一切众生之所乐见。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: c. 406, Kumārajīva (鳩摩羅什 (Jiūmóluóshí)), trans. Vimalakīrtinirdeśa (《維摩詰所說經》).
  Shì rù léiliè chǒulòu, ér dé Nàluóyán shēn, yīqiè zhòngshēng zhī suǒ lè jiàn. [Pinyin]
  He enters such state of being as the weak, the ugly, and the misshapen, and attains a body like that of Narayana, agreeable for all to behold.
- 隋高祖文皇帝姓楊氏，諱堅，小名那羅延。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  隋高祖文皇帝姓杨氏，讳坚，小名那罗延。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: c. 659 CE, Li Yanshou, History of the Northern Dynasties
  Suí gāozǔ Wén huángdì xìng Yáng shì, huì Jiān, xiǎomíng Nàluóyán. [Pinyin]
  The Gaozu of Sui, Emperor Wen, scion of the Yang lineage, was named Jian, whose private name was Narayana.
- 《大那羅延奧義》肯定人格神那羅延（毗濕奴的別稱）就是大梵。 [MSC, trad.]
  《大那罗延奥义》肯定人格神那罗延（毗湿奴的别称）就是大梵。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 孫晶 (2015) 《印度六派哲學》 [Six Indian Philosophical Schools] (in Chinese), 中國社會科學出版社, →ISBN, page 210
  “Dà Nàluóyán Àoyì” kěndìng réngéshén Nàluóyán (Píshīnú de biéchēng) jiùshì dà Fàn. [Pinyin]
  The Mahānārāyaṇopaniṣad affirms that the personal divinity Nārāyaṇa (alternative name of Viṣṇu) is none other than the Parabrahman.