赦

赦 U+8D66, 赦 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D66 ← 赥 [U+8D65] CJK Unified Ideographs 赧 → [U+8D67]

Translingual

Han character

赦 (Kangxi radical 155, 赤+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土金人大 (GCOK), four-corner 4834₀, composition ⿰赤攵)

Derived characters

• 螫

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1213, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36999
• Dae Jaweon: page 1681, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3507, character 6
• Unihan data for U+8D66

Chinese

simp. and trad.		赦
alternative forms		𢼜 𢽀

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (赤) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
浾	*sqraː
嚇	*qʰraːɡs, *qʰraːɡ
赦	*hljaɡs
郝	*qʰljaɡ, *kʰljaɡ, *hljaɡ
赫	*qʰraːɡ
爀	*qʰraːɡ
赤	*kʰljaɡ
烾	*kʰljaɡ
螫	*qʰjaːɡ
赥	*qʰleːɡ
捇	*qʰʷreːɡ
焃	*qʰʷreːɡ

In the bronze script, it was written as 𢼜, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljaɡs) : phonetic 亦 (OC *laːɡ) + semantic 攴 (“hand holding a stick”). In later scripts, the phonetic component was replaced with 赤 (OC *kʰljaɡ).

Etymology

Exoactive (causative) of 釋 (OC *hljaɡ, “to unloose; to release”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also related to 舍 (OC *hljaːʔ, “to let off”) (Wang, 1982), of which there exists a derived reading 舍 (OC *hljaːs, “to let off; to liberate”) that formed a variant relationship with 赦 (OC *hljaɡs), despite not having the same pronunciation in Old Chinese (*-aːs vs *-ags).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shè (she⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄜˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): se⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): se³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): sie¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): sa⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sa

  (Meixian, Guangdong): sa⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): se³
• Northern Min (KCR): sia̿
• Eastern Min (BUC): siá
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sià

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sia³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵so
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): she⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shè
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shè
    • Wade–Giles: shê⁴
    • Yale: shè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheh
    • Palladius: шэ (šɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: se⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: se
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛ²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: se³
    • Yale: se
    • Cantonese Pinyin: se³
    • Guangdong Romanization: sé³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛː³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: sie¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: sa⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sa³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa
    • Hakka Romanization System: sa
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sa⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sa⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: sa⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sa⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: se³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /sɤ⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sia̿
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sia³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: siá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɑ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sià
    • Tâi-lô: sià
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siax
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sia²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sia⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sia²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sia¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sia²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sia³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sià
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sia²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵so
    • MiniDict: so^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²so
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /so³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: she⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʂɤ̞⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /sɤ̞⁴⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: syaeH

Rime
Character	赦
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	始夜切
Baxter	syaeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕiaH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiaH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiaH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕiaH/
Li Rong	/ɕiaH/
Wang Li	/ɕĭaH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯aH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	se3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l̥]Ak-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljaɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	赦
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shè
Middle Chinese	‹ syaeH ›
Old Chinese	/*[l̥]Ak-s/
English	to pardon
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	赦
Reading #	1/1
No.	1472
Phonetic component	赤
Rime group	暮
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	舎
Old Chinese	/*hljaɡs/
Notes	說文或從亦聲

Definitions

赦

1. to pardon; to forgive
2. a surname

Compounds

• 三赦
• 十惡不赦／十恶不赦 (shí'èbùshè)
• 大赦 (dàshè)
• 大赦天下
• 恩赦 (ēnshè)
• 放赦
• 曲赦
• 特赦 (tèshè)
• 特赦令
• 獨角赦書／独角赦书
• 罪不可赦 (zuìbùkěshè)
• 肆赦
• 貰赦／贳赦
• 赦免 (shèmiǎn)
• 赦宥 (shèyòu)
• 赦文
• 赦書／赦书
• 赦罪 (shèzuì)

 

Japanese

Kanji

赦

(Jōyō kanji)

1. to pardon

Readings

• Go-on: しゃ (sha, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: しゃ (sha, Jōyō)
• Kun: ゆるす (yurusu, 赦す)

Korean

Hanja

赦 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

赦: Hán Việt readings: xá
赦: Nôm readings: tha, xá, xóa/xoá

1. Nôm form of tha (“to forgive”).

Compounds

• 赦恕 (tha thứ)