耕耘
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]to plough; to till | to weed | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (耕耘) | 耕 | 耘 | |
simp. #(耕耘) | 耕 | 耘 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄥ ㄩㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gengyún
- Wade–Giles: kêng1-yün2
- Yale: gēng-yún
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gengyun
- Palladius: гэнъюнь (gɛnʺjunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɤŋ⁵⁵ yn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gaang1 wan4
- Yale: gāang wàhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: gaang1 wan4
- Guangdong Romanization: gang1 wen4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaːŋ⁵⁵ wɐn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâng-yùn
- Hakka Romanization System: gangˊ iunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gang1 yun2
- Sinological IPA: /kaŋ²⁴ i̯un¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâng-yùn
- Hakka Romanization System: gangˊ (r)iunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gang1 yun2
- Sinological IPA: /kaŋ²⁴ (j)i̯un¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: keang hjun
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kreːŋ ɢun/
Verb
[edit]耕耘
- (literally) to plow and weed; to do farm work; to cultivate
- (figuratively) to work or study diligently
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
耕 | 耘 |
こう Grade: 5 |
うん Hyōgai |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 耕耘 (MC keang hjun).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Verb
[edit]耕耘する • (kōun suru) ←かううん (kauun)?suru (stem 耕耘し (kōun shi), past 耕耘した (kōun shita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "耕耘する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 耕耘し | こううんし | kōun shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 耕耘し | こううんし | kōun shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 耕耘する | こううんする | kōun suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 耕耘する | こううんする | kōun suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 耕耘すれ | こううんすれ | kōun sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 耕耘せよ¹ 耕耘しろ² |
こううんせよ¹ こううんしろ² |
kōun seyo¹ kōun shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 耕耘される | こううんされる | kōun sareru | |
Causative | 耕耘させる 耕耘さす |
こううんさせる こううんさす |
kōun saseru kōun sasu | |
Potential | 耕耘できる | こううんできる | kōun dekiru | |
Volitional | 耕耘しよう | こううんしよう | kōun shiyō | |
Negative | 耕耘しない | こううんしない | kōun shinai | |
Negative continuative | 耕耘せず | こううんせず | kōun sezu | |
Formal | 耕耘します | こううんします | kōun shimasu | |
Perfective | 耕耘した | こううんした | kōun shita | |
Conjunctive | 耕耘して | こううんして | kōun shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 耕耘すれば | こううんすれば | kōun sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
[edit]Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 耕
- Chinese terms spelled with 耘
- zh:Agriculture
- Japanese terms spelled with 耕 read as こう
- Japanese terms spelled with 耘 read as うん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- ja:Agriculture