瘈

瘈	U+7608, 瘈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7608

Translingual

Han character

瘈 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 大手竹大 (KQHK), four-corner 0013₄, composition ⿸疒契)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 776, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22317
Dae Jaweon: page 1186, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2682, character 18
Unihan data for U+7608

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) : semantic 疒 (“illness; disease”) + phonetic 契 (OC *kʰeːds, *kʰeːd, *kʰeːd, *kʰɯd).

Etymology 1

trad.		瘈
simp. ^#		瘈
alternative forms		狾

Sagart (2021c) revises the Old Chinese reconstruction as *k(ə)-tet-s, from non-finite prefix *k(ə)- + a root *tet-s (“to bite”), from which 噬 (OC *m-tet-s, “to bite”) also derives.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhì, jì (zhi⁴, ji⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˋ, ㄐㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zai³ / gai³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
  - Wade–Giles: chih⁴
  - Yale: jr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
  - Palladius: чжи (čži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jì
  - Wade–Giles: chi⁴
  - Yale: jì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zai³ / gai³
  - Yale: jai / gai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzai³ / gai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zei³ / gei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯³³/, /kɐi̯³³/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ke[t]-s/, /*ke[t]-s/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瘈	瘈
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì	zhì
Middle Chinese	‹ kjiej^H ›	‹ tsyej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*ke[t]-s/ (dialect: no palatalization)	/*ke[t]-s/
English	mad (dog)	mad (dog)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

瘈

(dated, of dogs) mad; rabid
- 十一月甲午，國人逐瘈狗；瘈狗入於華臣氏，國人從之。華臣懼，遂奔陳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  十一月甲午，国人逐瘈狗；瘈狗入于华臣氏，国人从之。华臣惧，遂奔陈。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE
  Shíyīyuè Jiǎwǔ, guórén zhú jì gǒu; jì gǒu rù yú Huà Chén shì, guórén cóng zhī. Huà Chén jù, suì bēn Chén. [Pinyin]
  On the day of Jia-Wu of the eleventh month, the citizens (of Song) was chasing away a rabid dog. The dog ran unto the estates of Hua Chen, wither the men followed. Afraid, Hua Chen fled to (the State of) Chen.
- 國狗之瘈，無不噬也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  国狗之瘈，无不噬也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE
  Guó gǒu zhī jì, wú bù shì yě. [Pinyin]
  When the best dog of the land becomes mad, there is nothing or nobody that it won't bite.

Compounds

瘈狗

Etymology 2

trad.		瘈
simp. ^#		瘈

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chì, qì (chi⁴, qi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔˋ, ㄑㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kai³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chì
  - Zhuyin: ㄔˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chìh
  - Wade–Giles: chʻih⁴
  - Yale: chr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyh
  - Palladius: чи (či)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qì
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cì
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi⁴
  - Yale: chì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
  - Palladius: ци (ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kai³
  - Yale: kai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: kei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐi̯³³/

Definitions

瘈

Used in 瘈瘲／瘈疭 (chìzòng).

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B02779
“瘈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

瘈

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): けい (kei)、せい (sei)
Kun: くるう (kurū)

Korean

Hanja

瘈 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.