瑟

瑟 U+745F, 瑟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-745F ← 瑞 [U+745E] CJK Unified Ideographs 瑠 → [U+7460]

Translingual

Han character

瑟 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土心竹 (MGPH), four-corner 1133₁, composition ⿱玨必)

1. an ancient stringed musical instrument (long zither)
2. dignified, massive
3. sound of wind

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 738, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21133
• Dae Jaweon: page 1149, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1125, character 5
• Unihan data for U+745F

Chinese

trad.		瑟
simp. #		瑟

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瑟
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (必) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
泌	*mpriɡs, *priɡ, *bliɡ
秘	*mpriɡs
毖	*priɡs
閟	*priɡs
柲	*priɡs, *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ
鉍	*priɡs, *priɡ
邲	*priɡs, *bliɡ, *briɡ
覕	*pliŋs, *mbliːɡ
咇	*bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ
苾	*bliːɡ, *bliɡ
馝	*bliːɡ, *bliɡ
飶	*bliːɡ, *bliɡ
鴓	*mbliːɡ
鮅	*pliɡ, *bliɡ
必	*pliɡ
珌	*pliɡ
佖	*bliɡ, *briɡ
駜	*bliɡ, *briɡ
怭	*bliɡ
妼	*bliɡ
宓	*mriɡ, *mliɡ
樒	*mriɡ
密	*mriɡ
蔤	*mriɡ
滵	*mriɡ
蜜	*mliɡ
謐	*mliɡ
榓	*mliɡ
淧	*mliɡ
瑟	*smriɡ, *smriɡ
璱	*sriɡ
飋	*sriɡ
虙	*blɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *smriɡ, *smriɡ) : semantic 珡 (“musical instrument”) + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ). 珡 has been simplified into the unrelated 玨.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sè (se⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sat¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sit
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sek / siak / sit

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sè
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sè
    • Wade–Giles: sê⁴
    • Yale: sè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
    • Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: sat¹
    • Yale: sāt
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sat⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: sed¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐt̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
    • Hakka Romanization System: xid^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
    • Tâi-lô: sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: seg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
    • Tâi-lô: siak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit
    • Tâi-lô: sit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sid
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²/

Note:

• siak/sek - vernacular;
• sit - literary.

---

• Middle Chinese: srit

Rime
Character	瑟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	櫛 (51)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	所櫛切
Baxter	srit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃɪt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂit̚/
Li Rong	/ʃiĕt̚/
Wang Li	/ʃĭet̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʂi̯æt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	she
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sat1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s.m]ri[t]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*smriɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瑟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sè
Middle Chinese	‹ srit ›
Old Chinese	/*[s.m]ri[t]/
English	lute
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瑟	瑟
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	599	602
Phonetic component	必	必
Rime group	質	質
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	瑟	瑟
Old Chinese	/*smriɡ/	/*smriɡ/

Definitions

瑟

1. (music) the se, an ancient Chinese bridge zither, usually with 25 strings
2. ^† solemn; dignified; alone; bleak
3. Used in 瑟瑟 (sèsè).
4. Used in 瑟縮／瑟缩 (sèsuō) and 瑟索.

Compounds

• 亞瑟王／亚瑟王 (Yàsè Wáng)
• 倚瑟
• 拉瑟
• 撤瑟
• 明瑟
• 毛瑟槍／毛瑟枪 (máosèqiāng)
• 水木明瑟
• 汎瑟／泛瑟
• 琴瑟 (qínsè)
• 琴瑟不調／琴瑟不调
• 琴瑟之好
• 琴瑟和好
• 琴瑟和諧／琴瑟和谐
• 琴瑟和鳴／琴瑟和鸣 (qínsèhémíng)
• 琴瑟失調／琴瑟失调
• 琴瑟相調／琴瑟相调
• 琴瑟調和／琴瑟调和
• 瑟弄琴調／瑟弄琴调
• 瑟瑟 (sèsè)
• 瑟索
• 瑟縮／瑟缩 (sèsuō)
• 瑟調／瑟调
• 瑟調琴弄／瑟调琴弄
• 約瑟／约瑟 (Yuēsè)
• 約瑟夫／约瑟夫 (Yuēsèfū)
• 膠柱調瑟／胶柱调瑟
• 膠柱鼓瑟／胶柱鼓瑟 (jiāozhùgǔsè)
• 蕭瑟／萧瑟 (xiāosè)
• 錦瑟／锦瑟
• 錦瑟華年／锦瑟华年
• 鼓瑟 (gǔsè)
• 鼓瑟焚香

 

Japanese

Kanji

瑟

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: しち (shichi)
• Kan-on: しつ (shitsu)
• Kun: おおごと (ōgoto, 瑟)

Korean

Hanja

瑟 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul)

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Vietnamese

Han character

瑟: Hán Nôm readings: sắt

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.