狡猾
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]crafty; cunning; sly | sly | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (狡猾) | 狡 | 猾 | |
simp. #(狡猾) | 狡 | 猾 | |
alternative forms | 狡滑 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau2 waat6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): káu-va̍t
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): káu-ku̍t
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄏㄨㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎohuá
- Wade–Giles: chiao3-hua2
- Yale: jyǎu-hwá
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeauhwa
- Palladius: цзяохуа (czjaoxua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gaau2 waat6
- Yale: gáau waaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: gaau2 waat9
- Guangdong Romanization: gao2 wad6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaːu̯³⁵ waːt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: káu-va̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: gauˋ vad
- Hagfa Pinyim: gau3 vad6
- Sinological IPA: /kau̯³¹ vat̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
Adjective
[edit]狡猾
Synonyms
[edit]- 世故 (shìgù)
- 刁 (diāo)
- 刁滑 (diāohuá)
- 刁鑽 / 刁钻 (diāozuān)
- 刁頑 / 刁顽 (diāowán) (literary, cunning and stubborn)
- 即世 (jíshì) (literary)
- 古怪 (gū-*guái) (Eastern Min)
- 圓泛 / 圆泛 (yenn2 fan4) (Xiang)
- 圓滑 / 圆滑 (yuánhuá)
- 圞泛 / 𪢮泛 (lonn2 fan4) (Xiang)
- 奸宄 (Hokkien)
- 奸巧 (Hokkien)
- 奸狡
- 奸猾 (jiānhuá)
- 奸險 (jiānxiǎn)
- 姦刁 / 奸刁 (1ke-tiau) (Wu)
- 姦詐 / 奸诈 (jiānzhà)
- 油滑 (yóuhuá)
- 滑
- 滑頭 / 滑头 (huátóu)
- 狡怪 (káu-koài) (Hokkien)
- 狡獪 / 狡狯 (jiǎokuài) (literary)
- 狡詐 / 狡诈 (jiǎozhà)
- 狡鬼 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 狡黠 (jiǎoxiá) (literary)
- 詭詐 / 诡诈 (guǐzhà)
- 調皮 / 调皮 (tiáopí)
- 陰濕 / 阴湿 (jam1 sap1) (Cantonese)
- 陰險 / 阴险 (yīnxiǎn)
- 頑惡 / 顽恶 (wánwù) (literary)
Antonyms
[edit]- 愚直 (yúzhí)
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
狡 | 猾 |
こう Hyōgai |
かつ Hyōgai |
kan'on |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]狡猾 • (kōkatsu) ←かうくわつ (kaukwatu)?
Adjective
[edit]狡猾 • (kōkatsu) ←かうくわつ (kaukwatu)?-na (adnominal 狡猾な (kōkatsu na), adverbial 狡猾に (kōkatsu ni))
狡猾 • (kōkatsu) ←かうくわつ (kaukwatu)?†-nari
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 狡猾
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 狡猾だろ | こうかつだろ | kōkatsu daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 狡猾で | こうかつで | kōkatsu de |
Terminal (終止形) | 狡猾だ | こうかつだ | kōkatsu da |
Attributive (連体形) | 狡猾な | こうかつな | kōkatsu na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 狡猾なら | こうかつなら | kōkatsu nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 狡猾であれ | こうかつであれ | kōkatsu de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 狡猾ではない 狡猾じゃない |
こうかつではない こうかつじゃない |
kōkatsu de wa nai kōkatsu ja nai |
Informal past | 狡猾だった | こうかつだった | kōkatsu datta |
Informal negative past | 狡猾ではなかった 狡猾じゃなかった |
こうかつではなかった こうかつじゃなかった |
kōkatsu de wa nakatta kōkatsu ja nakatta |
Formal | 狡猾です | こうかつです | kōkatsu desu |
Formal negative | 狡猾ではありません 狡猾じゃありません |
こうかつではありません こうかつじゃありません |
kōkatsu de wa arimasen kōkatsu ja arimasen |
Formal past | 狡猾でした | こうかつでした | kōkatsu deshita |
Formal negative past | 狡猾ではありませんでした 狡猾じゃありませんでした |
こうかつではありませんでした こうかつじゃありませんでした |
kōkatsu de wa arimasen deshita kōkatsu ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 狡猾で | こうかつで | kōkatsu de |
Conditional | 狡猾なら(ば) | こうかつなら(ば) | kōkatsu nara (ba) |
Provisional | 狡猾だったら | こうかつだったら | kōkatsu dattara |
Volitional | 狡猾だろう | こうかつだろう | kōkatsu darō |
Adverbial | 狡猾に | こうかつに | kōkatsu ni |
Degree | 狡猾さ | こうかつさ | kōkatsusa |
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 狡猾なら | こうかつなら | koukatunara | |
Continuative (連用形) | 狡猾に[1] 狡猾なり[2] |
こうかつに こうかつなり |
koukatuni koukatunari | |
Terminal (終止形) | 狡猾なり | こうかつなり | koukatunari | |
Attributive (連体形) | 狡猾なる | こうかつなる | koukatunaru | |
Realis (已然形) | 狡猾なれ | こうかつなれ | koukatunare | |
Imperative (命令形) | 狡猾なれ | こうかつなれ | koukatunare | |
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | 狡猾ならず | こうかつならず | koukatunarazu | |
Contrasting conjunction | 狡猾なれど | こうかつなれど | koukatunaredo | |
Causal conjunction | 狡猾なれば | こうかつなれば | koukatunareba | |
Conditional conjunction | 狡猾ならば | こうかつならば | koukatunaraba | |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 狡猾なりき | こうかつなりき | koukatunariki | |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 狡猾なりけり | こうかつなりけり | koukatunarikeri | |
Adverbial | 狡猾に | こうかつに | koukatuni | |
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
狡 | 猾 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
狡 | 猾 |
Adjective
[edit]狡猾
- chữ Hán form of giảo hoạt (“cunning, treacherous”).
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 狡
- Chinese terms spelled with 猾
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Intermediate Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with 狡 read as こう
- Japanese terms spelled with 猾 read as かつ
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms historically spelled with わ
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese な-na adjectives
- Japanese なり-nari adjectives
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Korean lemmas
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