混沌
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Chinese
[edit]to mix; to get along; thoughtless to mix; to get along; thoughtless; confused; dirty; mix |
confused; turbid | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (混沌) | 混 | 沌 | |
simp. #(混沌) | 混 | 沌 | |
alternative forms | 渾沌/浑沌 渾敦/浑敦 archaic 混淪/混沦 archaic 渾淪/浑沦 archaic |
Etymology
[edit]Old Chinese *guːnʔ duːnʔ. The variant 渾淪/浑沦 (húnlún) suggests that this perhaps came from *guːnʔ l̥uːnʔ ~ guːnʔ ruːnʔ, from **gruːnʔ, from the root *k(V)r- ("to flow > to mix > to be turbid, chaotic").
Related to 餛飩/馄饨 (húntun, “wonton”) and 雲吞/云吞 (yúntūn, “wonton”).
Compare 渾 (OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ), 混 (OC *ɡuːnʔ, “rapidly flowing water; turbidity; confusedness; unclearness; big; whole”), Korean 흐르— (heureu-, “to flow; to float; to fill”), 흐리— (heuri-, “to be turbid, unclear, indistinct”), 흐릿하— (heuritha-, “to be vague, indistinct”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wan6 deon6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fun-tun
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hūn-tūn
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hùndùn
- Wade–Giles: hun4-tun4
- Yale: hwùn-dwùn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennduenn
- Palladius: хуньдунь (xunʹdunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu̯ən⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 混沌
混淪/混沦
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: wan6 deon6
- Yale: wahn deuhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: wan6 doen6
- Guangdong Romanization: wen6 dên6
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɐn²² tɵn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun-tun
- Hakka Romanization System: fun dun
- Hagfa Pinyim: fun4 dun4
- Sinological IPA: /fun⁵⁵ tun⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: hwonX dwonX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ duːnʔ/
Noun
[edit]混沌
- (Chinese mythology) Hundun (the unclear, confused and nebulous state of the primordial world)
- wholeness; inseparability
- unclearness; indistinctness; obscurity; vagueness; obfuscation
- silliness; stupidity
- (Chinese mythology) hundun (legendary faceless creature)
- (mathematics) chaos
Synonyms
[edit]- (Hundun): (literary, figurative) 䒌靘 (mìngqìng)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
混 | 沌 |
こん Grade: 5 |
とん Jinmeiyō |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
渾沌 |
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]混沌 • (konton) †-tari (adnominal 混沌とした (konton to shita) or 混沌たる (konton taru), adverbial 混沌と (konton to) or 混沌として (konton to shite))
Adverb
[edit]Noun
[edit]- chaos
- 2014 March 8, “オシリスの天空竜 [Osiris the Sky Dragon]”, in 決闘王の記憶 -決闘者の王国編- [Memories of the Duel King: Duelist Kingdom Arc], Konami:
- 天空に雷鳴轟く混沌の時、連なる鎖の中に古の魔導書を束ね、その力無限の限りを誇らん。
- Tenkū ni raimei todoroku konton no toki, tsuranaru kusari no naka ni inishie no Madōsho o tabane, sono chikara mugen no kagiri o hokoran.
- Such power knows no bounds, it puts the ancient Sorcery Grimoires in tangling chains when chaos roars with thunder in the sky.
- 天空に雷鳴轟く混沌の時、連なる鎖の中に古の魔導書を束ね、その力無限の限りを誇らん。
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
混 | 沌 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
混 | 沌 |
Adjective
[edit]混沌
- chữ Hán form of hỗn độn (“chaotic; disorderly”).
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
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- Chinese terms spelled with 混
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- zh:Chinese mythology
- zh:Mathematics
- Chinese disyllabic morphemes
- Japanese terms spelled with 混 read as こん
- Japanese terms spelled with 沌 read as とん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese たり-tari adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
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