子子孫孫

Chinese

		child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight	grandson	grandson
trad. (子子孫孫)		子	子	孫	孫
simp. (子子孙孙)		子	子	孙	孙
AABB-type reduplication of 子孫／子孙 (zǐsūn)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǐzǐsūnsūn

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˇ ㄗˇ ㄙㄨㄣ ㄙㄨㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi² zi² syun¹ syun¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́-chṳ́-sûn-sûn
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chú-chú-sun-sun

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǐzǐsūnsūn [Phonetic: zízǐsūnsūn]
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˇ ㄗˇ ㄙㄨㄣ ㄙㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǐhzǐhsunsun
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ³-tzŭ³-sun¹-sun¹
    • Yale: dž-dž-swūn-swūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyytzyysuensuen
    • Palladius: цзыцзысуньсунь (czyczysunʹsunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ su̯ən⁵⁵ su̯ən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zi² zi² syun¹ syun¹
    • Yale: jí jí syūn syūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi² dzi² syn¹ syn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji² ji² xun¹ xun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵ t͡siː³⁵ syːn⁵⁵ syːn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́-chṳ́-sûn-sûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: zii^ˋ zii^ˋ sun^ˊ sun^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zi³ zi³ sun¹ sun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹ t͡sɨ³¹ sun²⁴⁻¹¹ sun²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-chú-sun-sun
    • Tâi-lô: tsú-tsú-sun-sun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zwzwsunswn
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sun⁴⁴⁻³³ sun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sun⁴⁴⁻³³ sun⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: tsiX tsiX swon swon

Rime
Character	子	孫
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	即里切	思渾切
Baxter	tsiX	swon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨX/	/suən/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɨX/	/suon/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sieX/	/suən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɨX/	/swən/
Li Rong	/t͡siəX/	/suən/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭəX/	/suən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡siX/	/suən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǐ	sūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi2	syun1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsəʔ  tsəʔ  [s]ˤu[n]  [s]ˤu[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯʔ  ʔslɯʔ  suːn  suːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	子	孫
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǐ	sūn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsiX ›	‹ swon ›
Old Chinese	/*tsəʔ/	/*[s]ˁu[n]/
English	child; gentleman, master	grandchild; descendant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	子	孫
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17857	12178
Phonetic component	子	孫
Rime group	之	文
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	子	孫
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯʔ/	/*suːn/

Noun

子子孫孫

1. generation after generation of descendants

   • 欲至于萬年，惟王子子孫孫永保民。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     欲至于万年，惟王子子孙孙永保民。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE

     Yù zhìyú wàn nián, wéi wáng zǐzǐsūnsūn yǒng bǎomín. [Pinyin]

     I say so simply from my wish that (your dynasty) may continue for myriads of years, and your descendants always be the protectors of the people.