命令
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]life; fate | make or cause to be; order; command make or cause to be; order; command; decree; honourable | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (命令) | 命 | 令 | |
simp. #(命令) | 命 | 令 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): min4 nin4
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ming6 ling6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): min-lin
- Jin (Wiktionary): ming3 ling3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6min-lin6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˋ ㄌㄧㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mìnglìng
- Wade–Giles: ming4-ling4
- Yale: mìng-lìng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: minqlinq
- Palladius: минлин (minlin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /miŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ liŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: min4 nin4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: minlin
- Sinological IPA (key): /min²¹³ nin²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ming6 ling6
- Yale: mihng lihng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ming6 ling6
- Guangdong Romanization: ming6 ling6
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɪŋ²² lɪŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: min-lin
- Hakka Romanization System: min lin
- Hagfa Pinyim: min4 lin4
- Sinological IPA: /min⁵⁵ lin⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ming3 ling3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /miŋ⁴⁵ liŋ⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Southern Min
- Wu
Noun
[edit]命令
Synonyms
[edit]Verb
[edit]命令
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Sino-Xenic (命令):
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
命 | 令 |
めい Grade: 3 |
れい Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- order, direction, instruction, commandment
- decree from a court
Verb
[edit]命令する • (meirei suru) transitive suru (stem 命令し (meirei shi), past 命令した (meirei shita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "命令する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 命令し | めいれいし | meirei shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 命令し | めいれいし | meirei shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 命令する | めいれいする | meirei suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 命令する | めいれいする | meirei suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 命令すれ | めいれいすれ | meirei sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 命令せよ¹ 命令しろ² |
めいれいせよ¹ めいれいしろ² |
meirei seyo¹ meirei shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 命令される | めいれいされる | meirei sareru | |
Causative | 命令させる 命令さす |
めいれいさせる めいれいさす |
meirei saseru meirei sasu | |
Potential | 命令できる | めいれいできる | meirei dekiru | |
Volitional | 命令しよう | めいれいしよう | meirei shiyō | |
Negative | 命令しない | めいれいしない | meirei shinai | |
Negative continuative | 命令せず | めいれいせず | meirei sezu | |
Formal | 命令します | めいれいします | meirei shimasu | |
Perfective | 命令した | めいれいした | meirei shita | |
Conjunctive | 命令して | めいれいして | meirei shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 命令すれば | めいれいすれば | meirei sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Derived terms
[edit]- 命令法 (meireihō, “imperative mood”)
Related terms
[edit]- 指図 (sashizu, “instruction”)
- 指令 (shirei, “order, command”)
References
[edit]- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
命 | 令 |
Noun
[edit]命令 • (myeongnyeong) (hangeul 명령)
Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
命 | 令 |
Verb
[edit]命令
Noun
[edit]命令
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
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- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Chinese terms spelled with 令
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- Elementary Mandarin
- zh:Directives
- Japanese terms spelled with 命 read as めい
- Japanese terms spelled with 令 read as れい
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
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