ܥܠ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܥ ܠ ܐ (ˁ l ˀ)
7 terms

Picture dictionary

ܥܠ

ܠܥܸܠ ܡ̣ܢ

ܠܬܸܚܬ ܡ̣ܢ

ܓܲܘ

ܩܵܕ݇ܡ

ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ

ܥܲܠ

ܓܹܢ݇ܒ/

ܠܟܸܣ

ܬ݇ܚܘܿܬ݂

ܒܹܝܢ

Prepositions of location

From Aramaic עַל (ʿal), from Proto-Semitic *ʕalay-; compare Hebrew עַל ('al), Arabic عَلَى (ʕalā) and Akkadian 𒌋𒅗 (eli).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕal.]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔæl.]

Preposition

ܥܲܠ • (ˁal)

1. on, upon, onto

   ܫܠܵܡܵܐ ܥܲܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ― šlāmā ˁallāwḵōn ― hello (literally, “peace be upon you”)

   ܟܵܣܵܐ ܕܚܲܠܒ݂ܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܥܲܠ ܦܵܬ݂ܘܿܪܵܐ.

   kāsā d-ḥalḇā ìlēh ˁal pāṯōrā.

   The glass of milk is on the table.

2. (by extension) with a hint of

   ܓܠܝܼܕܬܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܓܲܘܙܹ̈ܐ

   glīdtā ˁal gawzē

   walnut-flavored ice cream

   (literally, “ice cream on walnuts”)

   ܡܲܣܬܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܬܘܼ̈ܬ݂ܹܐ

   mastā ˁal tūṯē

   strawberry-flavoured yoghurt

   (literally, “yoghurt on strawberries”)

3. against

   ܪܸܥܝܵܢܵܐ ܥܲܠܘܼܗܝ ܘܪܸܥܝܵܢܵܐ ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ.

   riˁyānā ˁalūh w-riˁyānā ilūh.

   Opinion against it and reasons for it.

   ܓܸܢܝܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܐܝܼܠܵܢܵܐ.

   ginyā ìwen wā ˁal īlānā.

   I was leaning against the tree.

4. about, concerning

   ܡܬܘܼܢܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܐܸܠܝܼ ܥܲܠ ܡܵܐ ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ.

   mtūnē lāh ilī ˁal mā wē lēh.

   She told me about what happened.

   ܡܡܘܼܠܸܠ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܠ ܫܲܒ݂ܪܘܼܬ݂ܹܗ.

   mmūlil lēh ˁal šaḇrūṯēh.

   He talked about his childhood.

Usage notes

• (on): This word is used when something is directly on top of another thing. When something is in general above it, the phrase ܠܥܸܠ ܡܸܢ (lˁil min) is used.

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܲܠ

base form			ܥܲܠ (ˁal)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		plural
	m	f
1st person	ܥܲܠܝܼ (ˁalī)		ܥܲܠܲܢ (ˁallan)
2nd person	ܥܲܠܘܼܟ݂ (ˁalūḵ)	ܥܲܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁallāḵ)	ܥܲܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁallāwḵōn)
3rd person	ܥܲܠܘܼܗܝ (ˁalūh)	ܥܲܠܘܿܗ̇ (ˁallōh)	ܥܲܠܗܘܿܢ (ˁalhōn)

Synonyms

• (on): ܥܲܠ ܩܲܪܥܵܐ ܕ- (ˁal qarˁā d-), ܠܪܹܝܫ (lrēš)
• (against): ܕܲܠܩܘܼܒ݂ܠ (dalquḇl)
• (about): ܒܘܼܬ (būt)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “on”): ܬܚܘܿܬ݂ (tḥōṯ)
• (antonym(s) of “against”): ܠ- (l-), ܩܵܐ (qā), ܡܸܢ ܓܹܒܵܐ (min gēbā)

Derived terms

• ܥܲܠ ܐܲܦܲܝ̈ (ˁal appay, “on behalf of, for the sake of”)
• ܥܲܠ ܗܵܢܵܐ (ˁal hānā, “therefore”)
• ܥܲܠ ܝܲܒ݂ܫܵܐ (ˁal yaḇšā, “overland, by land”)
• ܥܲܠ ܡܵܐ (ˁal mā, “on what”)
• ܥܲܠ ܢܲܘܠܵܐ (ˁal nawlā, “online”)
• ܥܲܠܡܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁalmilṯā, “adverb”)