zusha

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-zusha (infinitive kuzusha)

1. Causative form of -zua to invent, fabricate, think up (often used in the sense of fabrication of lies)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -zusha
Positive present -nazusha Subjunctive -zushe Negative -zushi Imperative singular zusha
Infinitives
Positive kuzusha Negative kutozusha
Imperatives
Singular zusha Plural zusheni
Tensed forms
Habitual huzusha Positive past positive subject concord + -lizusha Negative past negative subject concord + -kuzusha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazusha) Singular Plural 1st person ninazusha/nazusha tunazusha 2nd person unazusha mnazusha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anazusha wanazusha other classes positive subject concord + -nazusha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -zushi) Singular Plural 1st person sizushi hatuzushi 2nd person huzushi hamzushi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hazushi hawazushi other classes negative subject concord + -zushi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tazusha Negative future negative subject concord + -tazusha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zushe) Singular Plural 1st person nizushe tuzushe 2nd person uzushe mzushe 3rd person m-wa(I/II) azushe wazushe other classes positive subject concord + -zushe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sizushe Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngezusha Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singezusha Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalizusha Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalizusha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azusha) Singular Plural 1st person nazusha twazusha 2nd person wazusha mwazusha 3rd person m-wa(I/II) azusha wazusha m-mi(III/IV) wazusha yazusha ji-ma(V/VI) lazusha yazusha ki-vi(VII/VIII) chazusha vyazusha n(IX/X) yazusha zazusha u(XI) wazusha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwazusha pa(XVI) pazusha mu(XVIII) mwazusha
Perfect positive subject concord + -mezusha "Already" positive subject concord + -meshazusha "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jazusha "If/When" positive subject concord + -kizusha "If not" positive subject concord + -sipozusha Consecutive kazusha / positive subject concord + -kazusha Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kazushe
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nizusha -tuzusha 2nd person -kuzusha -wazusha/-kuzusheni/-wazusheni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mzusha -wazusha m-mi(III/IV) -uzusha -izusha ji-ma(V/VI) -lizusha -yazusha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kizusha -vizusha n(IX/X) -izusha -zizusha u(XI) -uzusha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuzusha pa(XVI) -pazusha mu(XVIII) -muzusha Reflexive -jizusha
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zusha- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -zushaye -zushao m-mi(III/IV) -zushao -zushayo ji-ma(V/VI) -zushalo -zushayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -zushacho -zushavyo n(IX/X) -zushayo -zushazo u(XI) -zushao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -zushako pa(XVI) -zushapo mu(XVIII) -zushamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zusha) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yezusha -ozusha m-mi(III/IV) -ozusha -yozusha ji-ma(V/VI) -lozusha -yozusha ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chozusha -vyozusha n(IX/X) -yozusha -zozusha u(XI) -ozusha see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kozusha pa(XVI) -pozusha mu(XVIII) -mozusha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -zushia (“give rise to; provoke”)

• Nominal derivations:
  • mzushi