vall
Appearance
Catalan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): (Central) [ˈbaʎ]
- IPA(key): (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈvaʎ]
Audio: (file) - Homophone: ball (Central)
- Rhymes: -aʎ
Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old Catalan vall from Latin vallem. Compare Occitan val, vath.
Noun
[edit]vall f (plural valls)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]vall m (plural valls)
References
[edit]- “vall” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “vall” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Low German wal.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]vall (genitive valli, partitive valli)
- embankment, earthwork, wall; a defensive fortification made of earth or stone
- embankment; any long mound of earth, stone, or snow
Declension
[edit]Declension of vall (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vall | vallid | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | valli | ||
genitive | vallide | ||
partitive | valli | valle vallisid | |
illative | valli vallisse |
vallidesse vallesse | |
inessive | vallis | vallides valles | |
elative | vallist | vallidest vallest | |
allative | vallile | vallidele vallele | |
adessive | vallil | vallidel vallel | |
ablative | vallilt | vallidelt vallelt | |
translative | valliks | vallideks valleks | |
terminative | vallini | vallideni | |
essive | vallina | vallidena | |
abessive | vallita | vallideta | |
comitative | valliga | vallidega |
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]vall
- (transitive) to confess, to admit
- (intransitive, law) to testify, to bear witness
- Synonyms: tanúskodik, vallomást tesz
- (reflexively, as vallja magát, with definite conjugation, law) to plead (innocent or guilty) (used with -nak/-nek)
- A vádlott ártatlannak vallotta magát. ― The defendant pleaded not guilty.
- (intransitive, law) to testify, to bear witness
- (transitive) to declare (e.g. one’s love)
- Synonyms: elmond, kifejez, kinyilvánít
- (transitive) to profess, to avow (a belief or faith)
- (transitive) to hold (certain views), to advocate (a principle)
- (transitive) to acknowledge, to own (a child as one's own) (used with magáénak)
- (reflexively, as vallja magát, with definite conjugation) to profess oneself, to identify as something/someone
- (intransitive) to show, to speak of, to bespeak, to denote, to indicate, to be indicative of (e.g. good or bad taste or personal interests, deducing them from external clues) (used with -ra/-re)
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of vall
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | vallok | vallasz | vall | vallunk | vallotok | vallanak | |
Def. | vallom | vallod | vallja | valljuk | valljátok | vallják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | vallottam | vallottál | vallott | vallottunk | vallottatok | vallottak | ||
Def. | vallottam | vallottad | vallotta | vallottuk | vallottátok | vallották | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. vallani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | vallék | vallál | valla | vallánk | vallátok | vallának | ||
Def. | vallám | vallád | vallá | vallánk | vallátok | vallák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. vall vala, vallott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | vallandok | vallandasz | valland | vallandunk | vallandotok | vallandanak | ||
Def. | vallandom | vallandod | vallandja | vallandjuk | vallandjátok | vallandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | vallanék | vallanál | vallana | vallanánk | vallanátok | vallanának | |
Def. | vallanám | vallanád | vallaná | vallanánk (or vallanók) |
vallanátok | vallanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vallott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | valljak | vallj or valljál |
valljon | valljunk | valljatok | valljanak | |
Def. | valljam | valld or valljad |
vallja | valljuk | valljátok | vallják | |||
2nd-p. o. | valljalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vallott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | vallani | vallanom | vallanod | vallania | vallanunk | vallanotok | vallaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
vallás | valló | vallott | vallandó | vallva (vallván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of vall
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | vallhatok | vallhatsz | vallhat | vallhatunk | vallhattok | vallhatnak | |
Def. | vallhatom | vallhatod | vallhatja | vallhatjuk | vallhatjátok | vallhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | vallhattam | vallhattál | vallhatott | vallhattunk | vallhattatok | vallhattak | ||
Def. | vallhattam | vallhattad | vallhatta | vallhattuk | vallhattátok | vallhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | vallhaték | vallhatál | vallhata | vallhatánk | vallhatátok | vallhatának | ||
Def. | vallhatám | vallhatád | vallhatá | vallhatánk | vallhatátok | vallhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. vallhat vala, vallhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | vallhatandok or vallandhatok |
vallhatandasz or vallandhatsz |
vallhatand or vallandhat |
vallhatandunk or vallandhatunk |
vallhatandotok or vallandhattok |
vallhatandanak or vallandhatnak | ||
Def. | vallhatandom or vallandhatom |
vallhatandod or vallandhatod |
vallhatandja or vallandhatja |
vallhatandjuk or vallandhatjuk |
vallhatandjátok or vallandhatjátok |
vallhatandják or vallandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallhatandalak or vallandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | vallhatnék | vallhatnál | vallhatna | vallhatnánk | vallhatnátok | vallhatnának | |
Def. | vallhatnám | vallhatnád | vallhatná | vallhatnánk (or vallhatnók) |
vallhatnátok | vallhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vallhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | vallhassak | vallhass or vallhassál |
vallhasson | vallhassunk | vallhassatok | vallhassanak | |
Def. | vallhassam | vallhasd or vallhassad |
vallhassa | vallhassuk | vallhassátok | vallhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vallhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vallhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (vallhatni) | (vallhatnom) | (vallhatnod) | (vallhatnia) | (vallhatnunk) | (vallhatnotok) | (vallhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | vallható | Neg. adj. | vallhatatlan | Adv. part. | (vallhatva / vallhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
Further reading
[edit]- vall in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Icelandic
[edit]Verb
[edit]vall (strong)
Livonian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- (Courland) va'llõ
Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *valadak.
Verb
[edit]vall
Etymology 2
[edit]From val (“light”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Verb
[edit]vall
Lombard
[edit]Noun
[edit]vall f
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Verb
[edit]vall
Swedish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Swedish valder, from Latin vallum (“rampart”).
Noun
[edit]vall c
- a bank (long sloping elevation on the ground), often in the form of a wall (cognate) of earth, gravel, or the like, used as a primitive fortification (but also of for example snow), an embankment, an earthwork
Declension
[edit]nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | vall | valls |
definite | vallen | vallens | |
plural | indefinite | vallar | vallars |
definite | vallarna | vallarnas |
Descendants
[edit]- → Finnish: valli
See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Norse vǫllr, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest”).
Noun
[edit]vall c
- a field sown with grass, clover, or the like for haymaking or grazing; a hay meadow, a pasture, a field
- (in some expressions) grazing
- (often in names) a sports field, a sports ground
Declension
[edit]nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | vall | valls |
definite | vallen | vallens | |
plural | indefinite | vallar | vallars |
definite | vallarna | vallarnas |
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- vall in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- vall in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- vall in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Yola
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]- From Middle English fallen, from Old English feallan, from Proto-West Germanic *fallan.
- From Middle English fal, from Old English feall.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]vall (simple past vell or vele)
Noun
[edit]vall
- fall
- 1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, lines 9[2]:
- Zien, "a blaak vall, a blaak vall, Ich meigh vella knew,
- Saying "a black fall, a black fall——I might well have known,
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]vall
- Alternative form of wul (“wall”)
- 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, lines 17[2]:
- A vidler hay shudled wi hade to a vall
- The fiddler he staggered with his head to the wall,
References
[edit]- ^ Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 74
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
Categories:
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- Rhymes:Catalan/aʎ
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