sot

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sot"

Languages (21)

Albanian • Catalan • Dalmatian • Danish • Faliscan • French • Friulian • Ladin • Luxembourgish • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Old Swedish • Scots • Swedish • Volapük • Waigali • Zoogocho Zapotec

Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

sot

(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sotho.

English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sɒt/
Rhymes: -ɒt
Homophone: sought (cot–caught merger)
Audio (Southern England): (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English sot, from Old English sot, sott (“foolish, stupid”), from Medieval Latin sottus (“foolish”), of obscure origin and relation. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to French zut! (“damn it!”).^[1]^[2]

Compare Middle Low German sot (“insane, foolish, stupid”), Middle Dutch sot ("foolish, absurd, stupid"; > modern Dutch zot), French sot (“stupid, foolish, goofy”).

Noun

sot (plural sots)

(archaic) Stupid person; fool.
- 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
  Remember
  First to possess his books; for without them
  He's but a sot, as I am […]
- c. 1670-1680, John Oldham, The Eighth Satire of Monsieur Boileau, imitated
  In Egypt oft has seen the Sot bow down,
  And reverence some deified Baboon.
Drunkard.
- 1684, Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon, Essay on Translated Verse:
  Every sign
  That calls the staring sots to nasty wine.
- April 21, 1864, John Ruskin, "Traffic", Unto This Last and Other Writings, New York: Penguin (1997), p. 235
  Take a picture by Teniers, of sots quarrelling over their dice; it is an entirely clever picture; so clever that nothing in its kind has ever been done equal to it; but it is also an entirely base and evil picture.

Synonyms

(stupid person): See also Thesaurus:idiot (intelligence) or Thesaurus:fool (wisdom)
(drunkard): alcoholic, souse, suck-pint; See also Thesaurus:drunkard

Derived terms

sottish

Translations

stupid person; fool

French: sot (fr) m
Russian: дура́к (ru) m (durák)

drunkard

Bulgarian: пияница (bg) m (pijanica)
Finnish: juopporatti, juoppolalli (fi)
Japanese: 飲んべえ (nonbē)
Latin: madulsa m
Manx: kione meshtal m
Russian: пья́ница (ru) m (pʹjánica), алкого́лик (ru) m (alkogólik)
Spanish: tomador (es) m, borracho (es) m, bebedor (es) m
Swedish: fylltratt c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Dutch: ^{(please verify)} zot (nl) m

Etymology 2

From Middle English sotten, from the adjective (see above).

Verb

sot (third-person singular simple present sots, present participle sotting, simple past and past participle sotted)

To drink until one becomes drunk
To stupefy; to infatuate; to besot.
- 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):
  I hate to see a brave, bold fellow sotted.

Derived terms

Translations

to drink until drunk

Bulgarian: напивам се (napivam se)
Russian: напива́ться (ru) n (napivátʹsja)

Etymology 3

Compare sod (vulgar interjection).

Pronunciation

(Singapore) IPA^(key): /sɒt/

Adjective

sot (comparative more sot, superlative most sot)

(Singapore, colloquial, vulgar) Upset, unhappy or bitter about something.
- 2020 July 11, @risaannwong, Twitter‎^[2]:
  Ngl still damn sot about PV barging into Pasir Ris-Punggol and forcing a vote-split. The disrespect towards SDA was NOT ACCEPTABLE

Etymology 4

From Cantonese short (sot¹, “crazy”), itself a clipping of English short circuit.

Adjective

sot (comparative more sot, superlative most sot, reduplicated sot sot)

(Singlish, Manglish) Insane, crazy, screwed up.
- 2024 March 4, Unregistered, “Shopee fresh grad pay”, in Salary.sg Forums:
  all swe [software engineers] recently sot sot one. spent the last 3 years chasing too much headline salaries but now tech winter so all scared and frustrated . frustrations boiling over

Verb

sot (invariable)

(Singlish, Manglish, intransitive) To short circuit, to go haywire or malfunction.
- 2009 May 29, anric79, “[Group] YAMAHA Fazer”, in singaporebikes.com:
  my stock horn sot sot liao
(Singlish, Manglish, intransitive) To go crazy.
- 2021 July 13, Unregistered, “Roles in accenture singapore”, in Salary.sg Forums:
  All these delusional ACN graduates. Must be OT so much until brain sot liao

References

^ Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.
^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Anagrams

ToS, TOs, Tso, OST, sto, OTs, ost, OTS, ots, TOS, TSO

Albanian

Alternative forms

sod — Gheg^[1]
σὸτ — Arvanitika^[2]

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *tˢjādīti, from a Pre-Albanian (post-Proto-Indo-European) *ḱye h₂ dh₂itéy (dative-locative compound, literally “this day”). Same type of construction as sonte, sivjet. See also ditë, which is related to the second component.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sot]

Adverb

sot

today

Derived terms

sotmë, sormë

Related terms

References

Catalan

Etymology

From a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia root *(t)sott-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈsɔt]
Rhymes: -ɔt

Noun

sot m (plural sots)

Derived terms

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin exsūctus (compare Italian asciutto, Venetan suto, Friulian sut, Spanish enjuto, Portuguese enxuto) or Latin suctus (compare Romanian supt).

Adjective

sot

dry

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz, cognate with Norwegian sott, Swedish sot (archaic), German Sucht. Derived from the verb *seukaną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /soːˀt/, [ˈsoˀd̥]

Noun

sot c (singular definite soten, plural indefinite soter)

(dated) disease

Synonyms

sygdom

Derived terms

Faliscan

Etymology

Cognate with Latin sunt.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsoːt/

Verb

sōt

third-person plural present active indicative of 𐌄𐌔𐌞 (esú)
- 2009, Gabriël Bakkum, The Latin dialect of the Ager Faliscus: 150 years of scholarship (in English), Vossiuspers UvA, page 529:
  [---]fatecela·letezotxxiiii

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French sot, from Old French soz, from Medieval Latin sottus (“foolish”), of uncertain ultimate origin. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to modern zut! (“damn it!”). This Latin word was borrowed into Germanic languages such as Dutch zot, Old English sott (modern English sot).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /so/
- Audio: (file)
- Homophones: saut, sauts, sceau, sceaux, seau, seaux, sots
(older, now chiefly Belgium) IPA^(key): /sɔ/
- Homophone: sots

Adjective

sot (feminine sotte, masculine plural sots, feminine plural sottes)

silly, foolish, stupid

Derived terms

il n’y a pas de sot métier

Noun

sot m (plural sots, feminine sotte)

imbecile, fool

Derived terms

sottise

References

^ Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.
^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin subtus, which is derived from Latin sub. Cognate to Ladin sot, Romansch sut, suot, Venetan sóto, Italian sotto, French sous, Romanian sub, supt.

Preposition

sot

under, beneath, underneath
below, south of

Adverb

sot

Derived terms

disot

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin subtus.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Adverb

sot

under, beneath
below

Luxembourgish

Verb

sot

inflection of soen:

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English sot, sott, from Medieval Latin sottus, reinforced by Old French sot (“idiotic”), of obscure origin. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to modern French zut! (“damn it!”).^[1]^[2]

Alternative forms

sotte, sote, sott, soth

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sɔt/, /sɔːt/

Noun

sot (plural sottes or (Early ME) sotten)

One who lacks wisdom, knowledge, or intelligence; a stupid person.
A villainous or dishonest individual; a rogue or scoundrel.
(derogatory) Used as a general-purpose insult.

Derived terms

Descendants

English: sot
Scots: sot

References

“sot, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-06-14.

Adjective

sot (plural and weak singular sotte)

idiotic, unwise

References

“sot, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-06-14.

^ Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.
^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Etymology 2

From Old English sōt.

Noun

sot

Alternative form of soot (“soot”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.

Noun

sot f or m (definite singular sota or soten, uncountable)
sot n (definite singular sotet, uncountable)

soot

References

“sot” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“sot” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.

Noun

sot f or n (definite singular sota or sotet, uncountable)

soot

References

“sot” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sōtą, from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /soːt/

Noun

sōt n

soot

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	sōt	sōt
accusative	sōt	sōt
genitive	sōtes	sōta
dative	sōte	sōtum

Descendants

Middle English: soot, soeth, sood, soote, sot, sote, soth, soyte, suotte, sude, sute (Northern)
- English: soot
- Scots: suit, sute
- Yola: zoot

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /soːt/

Noun

sōt f

sickness

Declension

Declension of sōt (i-stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sōt	sōttin	sōtti(r), -e(r)	sōttina(r), sōttena(r)
accusative	sōt	sōttina, -ena	sōtti(r), -e(r)	sōttina(r), sōttena(r)
dative	sōt	sōttinni, -inne	sōttum, -om	sōttumin, -omen
genitive	sōtta(r)	sōttinna(r)	sōtta	sōttanna

Synonyms

siuka

Descendants

Swedish: sot

References

sot in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 2:1: M-T

Scots

Adverb

sot

so (to contradict a negative clause)
- 1897, J. Mackinnon, Braefoot Sketches:
  “I wisna a grain feart.” “Ye wis sot. Ye ran like the rest o's.”
  “I wasn't scared at all.” “You was so. You ran like the rest of us.”

References

“sot”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

Swedish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /suːt/
Audio: (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish sōt, from Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.

Noun

sot n

soot

Declension

Declension of **sot**
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	sot	sots
singular	definite	sotet	sotets
plural	indefinite	—	—
plural	definite	—	—

Related terms

sota
sotare
sotbrand (“chimney fire”)
soteld (“chimney fire”)

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish sōt, from Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz.

Noun

sot c

(archaic) disease, sickness

Declension

Declension of sot

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	sot	sots
singular	definite	soten	sotens
plural	indefinite	soter	soters
plural	definite	soterna	soternas

Derived terms

Related terms

sota

References

sot in Svensk ordbok (SO)
sot in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
sot in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
1. sot in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
2. sot in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

ost, ots, sto

Volapük

Noun

sot (nominative plural sots)

a sort
a kind
a type

Declension

declension of sot

	singular	plural
nominative	sot	sots
genitive	sota	sotas
dative	sote	sotes
accusative	soti	sotis
vocative ¹	o sot!	o sots!
predicative ²	sotu	sotus

¹ status as a case is disputed
² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Synonyms

bid

Waigali

**Waigali cardinal numbers**
< 6	7	8 >
Cardinal : sot

Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *satta, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsot/

Numeral

sot (Nisheigram)^[1]

seven

References

^ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “sot”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎^[1]

Zoogocho Zapotec

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish azote, from Arabic السَوْط (as-sawṭ, “the whip”).

Noun

sot

whip
whipping, beating

Derived terms

chgoꞌo sot

References

Long C., Rebecca, Cruz M., Sofronio (2000) Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)‎^[3] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 273

[1] Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.

[2] van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

[3] Fialuur i voghel Sccyp e ltinisct (Small Dictionary of Albanian and Latin), page 142, by P. Jak Junkut, 1895, Sckoder

[4] Λεξικόν της Ρωμαϊκοις και Αρβανητηκής Απλής (Lexicon of the simple Romaic and Arbanitic language), page 89, by Markos Botsaris

[5] Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.

[6] van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

[7] Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.

[8] van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

[NEL-9] Strand, Richard F. (2016) “sot”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎^[1]

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[2]

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Translingual

Symbol

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Verb

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Adjective

Etymology 4

Adjective

Verb

References

Anagrams

Albanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

Derived terms

Related terms

References

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Further reading

Dalmatian

Etymology

Adjective

Danish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Further reading

Faliscan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

Noun

Derived terms

References

Further reading

Friulian

Etymology

Preposition

Adverb

Derived terms

Ladin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

Luxembourgish

Verb

Middle English

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Adjective

References

Etymology 2