Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/seukaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Assuming that Proto-Germanic *seuk- is back-formed from the zero-grade in *sukkōną (“to be ill”),^[1] Kroonen reconstructs a pre-Germanic *sk-néh₂- and compares Latin sēgnis (“lazy, slow”), Ancient Greek ἦκα (êka, “quietly, slowly”), and Old Irish socht (“silence”), but a precise Proto-Indo-European root for these words is lacking (Kroonen prefers *sek- over *sewk-).^[2]

Pokorny suggests Proto-Indo-European *sewg-, *sēwg- (“ill, grievous, sad”),^[3] also adding Old Armenian հիւծանիմ (hiwcanim, “to waste away, wither”), but Kroonen rejects comparisons with the Armenian word.^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈseu̯.kɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*seukaną^[1]

(East Germanic) to be sick

Inflection

Conjugation of *seukaną (strong class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*seukō	*seukaų	—	*seukai	?
2nd singular	*siukizi	*seukaiz	*seuk	*seukazai	*seukaizau
3rd singular	*siukidi	*seukai	*seukadau	*seukadai	*seukaidau
1st dual	*seukōz	*seukaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*seukadiz	*seukaidiz	*seukadiz	—	—
1st plural	*seukamaz	*seukaim	—	*seukandai	*seukaindau
2nd plural	*siukid	*seukaid	*siukid	*seukandai	*seukaindau
3rd plural	*seukandi	*seukain	*seukandau	*seukandai	*seukaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sauk	*sukį̄
2nd singular	*sauht	*sukīz
3rd singular	*sauk	*sukī
1st dual	*sukū	*sukīw
2nd dual	*sukudiz	*sukīdiz
1st plural	*sukum	*sukīm
2nd plural	*sukud	*sukīd
3rd plural	*sukun	*sukīn

	present	past
participles	*seukandz	*sukanaz

Related terms

*suk(k)ōną

Derived terms

Descendants

Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (siukan)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*seukan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 434
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*suk(k)ōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 491
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “seug-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 915

[Kroonen1-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*seukan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 434

[Kroonen2-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*suk(k)ōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 491

[pokorny-3] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “seug-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 915

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