rudia

Latin

Adjective

rudia

1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural of rudis

References

• rudia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Spanish rodilla.

Noun

rudia

1. knee

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-rudia (infinitive kurudia)

1. to return
2. to redo, to repeat

Conjugation

Conjugation of -rudia
Positive present -narudia Subjunctive -rudie Negative -rudii Imperative singular rudia
Infinitives
Positive kurudia Negative kutorudia
Imperatives
Singular rudia Plural rudieni
Tensed forms
Habitual hurudia Positive past positive subject concord + -lirudia Negative past negative subject concord + -kurudia
Positive present (positive subject concord + -narudia) Singular Plural 1st person ninarudia/narudia tunarudia 2nd person unarudia mnarudia 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anarudia wanarudia other classes positive subject concord + -narudia
Negative present (negative subject concord + -rudii) Singular Plural 1st person sirudii haturudii 2nd person hurudii hamrudii 3rd person m-wa(I/II) harudii hawarudii other classes negative subject concord + -rudii
Positive future positive subject concord + -tarudia Negative future negative subject concord + -tarudia
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -rudie) Singular Plural 1st person nirudie turudie 2nd person urudie mrudie 3rd person m-wa(I/II) arudie warudie other classes positive subject concord + -rudie
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sirudie Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngerudia Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singerudia Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalirudia Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalirudia
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -arudia) Singular Plural 1st person narudia twarudia 2nd person warudia mwarudia 3rd person m-wa(I/II) arudia warudia m-mi(III/IV) warudia yarudia ji-ma(V/VI) larudia yarudia ki-vi(VII/VIII) charudia vyarudia n(IX/X) yarudia zarudia u(XI) warudia see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwarudia pa(XVI) parudia mu(XVIII) mwarudia
Perfect positive subject concord + -merudia "Already" positive subject concord + -mesharudia "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jarudia "If/When" positive subject concord + -kirudia "If not" positive subject concord + -siporudia Consecutive karudia / positive subject concord + -karudia Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -karudie
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nirudia -turudia 2nd person -kurudia -warudia/-kurudieni/-warudieni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mrudia -warudia m-mi(III/IV) -urudia -irudia ji-ma(V/VI) -lirudia -yarudia ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kirudia -virudia n(IX/X) -irudia -zirudia u(XI) -urudia see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kurudia pa(XVI) -parudia mu(XVIII) -murudia Reflexive -jirudia
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -rudia- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -rudiaye -rudiao m-mi(III/IV) -rudiao -rudiayo ji-ma(V/VI) -rudialo -rudiayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -rudiacho -rudiavyo n(IX/X) -rudiayo -rudiazo u(XI) -rudiao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -rudiako pa(XVI) -rudiapo mu(XVIII) -rudiamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -rudia) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yerudia -orudia m-mi(III/IV) -orudia -yorudia ji-ma(V/VI) -lorudia -yorudia ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chorudia -vyorudia n(IX/X) -yorudia -zorudia u(XI) -orudia see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -korudia pa(XVI) -porudia mu(XVIII) -morudia
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -rudilia
  • Causative: -rudisha
  • Reciprocal: -rudiana

• Nominal derivations:
  • marudio (“repetition, revision”)