penda

See also: pendâ

Galician

Verb

penda

1. inflection of pender:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛn.da/
• Rhymes: -ɛnda
• Hyphenation: pèn‧da

Verb

penda

1. inflection of pendere:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpẽ.dɐ/

• Rhymes: -ẽdɐ
• Hyphenation: pen‧da

Verb

penda

1. inflection of pender:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpenda/ [ˈpẽn̪.d̪a]
• Rhymes: -enda
• Syllabification: pen‧da

Verb

penda

1. inflection of pender:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Swahili

Etymology

An innovated term in Northeast Bantu; cognate with Giryama -henza.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-penda (infinitive kupenda)

1. to love, like

Conjugation

Conjugation of -penda
Positive present -napenda Subjunctive -pende Negative -pendi Imperative singular penda
Infinitives
Positive kupenda Negative kutopenda
Imperatives
Singular penda Plural pendeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hupenda Positive past positive subject concord + -lipenda Negative past negative subject concord + -kupenda
Positive present (positive subject concord + -napenda) Singular Plural 1st person ninapenda/napenda tunapenda 2nd person unapenda mnapenda 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anapenda wanapenda other classes positive subject concord + -napenda
Negative present (negative subject concord + -pendi) Singular Plural 1st person sipendi hatupendi 2nd person hupendi hampendi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hapendi hawapendi other classes negative subject concord + -pendi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tapenda Negative future negative subject concord + -tapenda
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pende) Singular Plural 1st person nipende tupende 2nd person upende mpende 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apende wapende other classes positive subject concord + -pende
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sipende Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngependa Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singependa Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalipenda Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalipenda
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apenda) Singular Plural 1st person napenda twapenda 2nd person wapenda mwapenda 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apenda wapenda m-mi(III/IV) wapenda yapenda ji-ma(V/VI) lapenda yapenda ki-vi(VII/VIII) chapenda vyapenda n(IX/X) yapenda zapenda u(XI) wapenda see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwapenda pa(XVI) papenda mu(XVIII) mwapenda
Perfect positive subject concord + -mependa "Already" positive subject concord + -meshapenda "Not yet" negative subject concord + -japenda "If/When" positive subject concord + -kipenda "If not" positive subject concord + -sipopenda Consecutive kapenda / positive subject concord + -kapenda Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kapende
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nipenda -tupenda 2nd person -kupenda -wapenda/-kupendeni/-wapendeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpenda -wapenda m-mi(III/IV) -upenda -ipenda ji-ma(V/VI) -lipenda -yapenda ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kipenda -vipenda n(IX/X) -ipenda -zipenda u(XI) -upenda see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kupenda pa(XVI) -papenda mu(XVIII) -mupenda Reflexive -jipenda
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -penda- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -pendaye -pendao m-mi(III/IV) -pendao -pendayo ji-ma(V/VI) -pendalo -pendayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -pendacho -pendavyo n(IX/X) -pendayo -pendazo u(XI) -pendao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -pendako pa(XVI) -pendapo mu(XVIII) -pendamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -penda) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yependa -openda m-mi(III/IV) -openda -yopenda ji-ma(V/VI) -lopenda -yopenda ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chopenda -vyopenda n(IX/X) -yopenda -zopenda u(XI) -openda see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kopenda pa(XVI) -popenda mu(XVIII) -mopenda
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -pendea
  • Causative: -pendeza (“be pleasing, be attractive”)
  • Passive: -pendwa
  • Reciprocal: -pendanisha, -pendana
  • Stative: -pendeka (“be popular”)

• Nominal derivations:
  • mpenzi (“lover”)
  • upendo (“love”)
  • upenzi (“love”)

Zulu

Etymology

Borrowed from English paint.

Verb

-penda^?

1. (transitive) to paint, color

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukupenda
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukupenda	ukungapendi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	penda	-pende
Plural	pendani	-pendeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyapenda, ngipenda	engipendayo, engipenda	ngipenda	angipendi	engingapendi	ngingapendi
2nd singular	uyapenda, upenda	opendayo, openda	upenda	awupendi	ongapendi	ungapendi
1st plural	siyapenda, sipenda	esipendayo, esipenda	sipenda	asipendi	esingapendi	singapendi
2nd plural	niyapenda, nipenda	enipendayo, enipenda	nipenda	anipendi	eningapendi	ningapendi
Class 1	uyapenda, upenda	opendayo, openda	ependa	akapendi	ongapendi	engapendi
Class 2	bayapenda, bapenda	abapendayo, abapenda	bependa	abapendi	abangapendi	bengapendi
Class 3	uyapenda, upenda	opendayo, openda	upenda	awupendi	ongapendi	ungapendi
Class 4	iyapenda, ipenda	ependayo, ependa	ipenda	ayipendi	engapendi	ingapendi
Class 5	liyapenda, lipenda	elipendayo, elipenda	lipenda	alipendi	elingapendi	lingapendi
Class 6	ayapenda, apenda	apendayo, apenda	ependa	awapendi	angapendi	engapendi
Class 7	siyapenda, sipenda	esipendayo, esipenda	sipenda	asipendi	esingapendi	singapendi
Class 8	ziyapenda, zipenda	ezipendayo, ezipenda	zipenda	azipendi	ezingapendi	zingapendi
Class 9	iyapenda, ipenda	ependayo, ependa	ipenda	ayipendi	engapendi	ingapendi
Class 10	ziyapenda, zipenda	ezipendayo, ezipenda	zipenda	azipendi	ezingapendi	zingapendi
Class 11	luyapenda, lupenda	olupendayo, olupenda	lupenda	alupendi	olungapendi	lungapendi
Class 14	buyapenda, bupenda	obupendayo, obupenda	bupenda	abupendi	obungapendi	bungapendi
Class 15	kuyapenda, kupenda	okupendayo, okupenda	kupenda	akupendi	okungapendi	kungapendi
Class 17	kuyapenda, kupenda	okupendayo, okupenda	kupenda	akupendi	okungapendi	kungapendi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngipendile, ngipendē	engipendile, engipendē	ngipendile, ngipendē	angipendanga	engingapendanga	ngingapendanga
2nd singular	upendile, upendē	opendile, opendē	upendile, upendē	awupendanga	ongapendanga	ungapendanga
1st plural	sipendile, sipendē	esipendile, esipendē	sipendile, sipendē	asipendanga	esingapendanga	singapendanga
2nd plural	nipendile, nipendē	enipendile, enipendē	nipendile, nipendē	anipendanga	eningapendanga	ningapendanga
Class 1	upendile, upendē	opendile, opendē	ependile, ependē	akapendanga	ongapendanga	engapendanga
Class 2	bapendile, bapendē	abapendile, abapendē	bependile, bependē	abapendanga	abangapendanga	bengapendanga
Class 3	upendile, upendē	opendile, opendē	upendile, upendē	awupendanga	ongapendanga	ungapendanga
Class 4	ipendile, ipendē	ependile, ependē	ipendile, ipendē	ayipendanga	engapendanga	ingapendanga
Class 5	lipendile, lipendē	elipendile, elipendē	lipendile, lipendē	alipendanga	elingapendanga	lingapendanga
Class 6	apendile, apendē	apendile, apendē	ependile, ependē	awapendanga	angapendanga	engapendanga
Class 7	sipendile, sipendē	esipendile, esipendē	sipendile, sipendē	asipendanga	esingapendanga	singapendanga
Class 8	zipendile, zipendē	ezipendile, ezipendē	zipendile, zipendē	azipendanga	ezingapendanga	zingapendanga
Class 9	ipendile, ipendē	ependile, ependē	ipendile, ipendē	ayipendanga	engapendanga	ingapendanga
Class 10	zipendile, zipendē	ezipendile, ezipendē	zipendile, zipendē	azipendanga	ezingapendanga	zingapendanga
Class 11	lupendile, lupendē	olupendile, olupendē	lupendile, lupendē	alupendanga	olungapendanga	lungapendanga
Class 14	bupendile, bupendē	obupendile, obupendē	bupendile, bupendē	abupendanga	obungapendanga	bungapendanga
Class 15	kupendile, kupendē	okupendile, okupendē	kupendile, kupendē	akupendanga	okungapendanga	kungapendanga
Class 17	kupendile, kupendē	okupendile, okupendē	kupendile, kupendē	akupendanga	okungapendanga	kungapendanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāpenda	engāpenda	ngāpenda	angipendanga	engingapendanga	ngingapendanga
2nd singular	wāpenda	owāpenda	wāpenda	awupendanga	ongapendanga	ungapendanga
1st plural	sāpenda	esāpenda	sāpenda	asipendanga	esingapendanga	singapendanga
2nd plural	nāpenda	enāpenda	nāpenda	anipendanga	eningapendanga	ningapendanga
Class 1	wāpenda	owāpenda	āpenda	akapendanga	ongapendanga	engapendanga
Class 2	bāpenda	abāpenda	bāpenda	abapendanga	abangapendanga	bengapendanga
Class 3	wāpenda	owāpenda	wāpenda	awupendanga	ongapendanga	ungapendanga
Class 4	yāpenda	eyāpenda	yāpenda	ayipendanga	engapendanga	ingapendanga
Class 5	lāpenda	elāpenda	lāpenda	alipendanga	elingapendanga	lingapendanga
Class 6	āpenda	āpenda	āpenda	awapendanga	angapendanga	engapendanga
Class 7	sāpenda	esāpenda	sāpenda	asipendanga	esingapendanga	singapendanga
Class 8	zāpenda	ezāpenda	zāpenda	azipendanga	ezingapendanga	zingapendanga
Class 9	yāpenda	eyāpenda	yāpenda	ayipendanga	engapendanga	ingapendanga
Class 10	zāpenda	ezāpenda	zāpenda	azipendanga	ezingapendanga	zingapendanga
Class 11	lwāpenda	olwāpenda	lwāpenda	alupendanga	olungapendanga	lungapendanga
Class 14	bāpenda	obāpenda	bāpenda	abupendanga	obungapendanga	bungapendanga
Class 15	kwāpenda	okwāpenda	kwāpenda	akupendanga	okungapendanga	kungapendanga
Class 17	kwāpenda	okwāpenda	kwāpenda	akupendanga	okungapendanga	kungapendanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingapenda	—	ngingapenda	ngingepende	—	ngingepende
2nd singular	ungapenda	—	ungapenda	ungepende	—	ungepende
1st plural	singapenda	—	singapenda	singepende	—	singepende
2nd plural	ningapenda	—	ningapenda	ningepende	—	ningepende
Class 1	angapenda	—	engapenda	angepende	—	engepende
Class 2	bangapenda	—	bengapenda	bangepende	—	bengepende
Class 3	ungapenda	—	ungapenda	ungepende	—	ungepende
Class 4	ingapenda	—	ingapenda	ingepende	—	ingepende
Class 5	lingapenda	—	lingapenda	lingepende	—	lingepende
Class 6	angapenda	—	engapenda	angepende	—	engepende
Class 7	singapenda	—	singapenda	singepende	—	singepende
Class 8	zingapenda	—	zingapenda	zingepende	—	zingepende
Class 9	ingapenda	—	ingapenda	ingepende	—	ingepende
Class 10	zingapenda	—	zingapenda	zingepende	—	zingepende
Class 11	lungapenda	—	lungapenda	lungepende	—	lungepende
Class 14	bungapenda	—	bungapenda	bungepende	—	bungepende
Class 15	kungapenda	—	kungapenda	kungepende	—	kungepende
Class 17	kungapenda	—	kungapenda	kungepende	—	kungepende
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizopenda	engizopenda	ngizopenda	angizupenda	engingezupenda	ngingezupenda
2nd singular	uzopenda	ozopenda	uzopenda	awuzupenda	ongezupenda	ungezupenda
1st plural	sizopenda	esizopenda	sizopenda	asizupenda	esingezupenda	singezupenda
2nd plural	nizopenda	enizopenda	nizopenda	anizupenda	eningezupenda	ningezupenda
Class 1	uzopenda	ozopenda	ezopenda	akazupenda	ongezupenda	engezupenda
Class 2	bazopenda	abazopenda	bezopenda	abazupenda	abangezupenda	bengezupenda
Class 3	uzopenda	ozopenda	uzopenda	awuzupenda	ongezupenda	ungezupenda
Class 4	izopenda	ezopenda	izopenda	ayizupenda	engezupenda	ingezupenda
Class 5	lizopenda	elizopenda	lizopenda	alizupenda	elingezupenda	lingezupenda
Class 6	azopenda	azopenda	ezopenda	awazupenda	angezupenda	engezupenda
Class 7	sizopenda	esizopenda	sizopenda	asizupenda	esingezupenda	singezupenda
Class 8	zizopenda	ezizopenda	zizopenda	azizupenda	ezingezupenda	zingezupenda
Class 9	izopenda	ezopenda	izopenda	ayizupenda	engezupenda	ingezupenda
Class 10	zizopenda	ezizopenda	zizopenda	azizupenda	ezingezupenda	zingezupenda
Class 11	luzopenda	oluzopenda	luzopenda	aluzupenda	olungezupenda	lungezupenda
Class 14	buzopenda	obuzopenda	buzopenda	abuzupenda	obungezupenda	bungezupenda
Class 15	kuzopenda	okuzopenda	kuzopenda	akuzupenda	okungezupenda	kungezupenda
Class 17	kuzopenda	okuzopenda	kuzopenda	akuzupenda	okungezupenda	kungezupenda
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyopenda	engiyopenda	ngiyopenda	angiyupenda	engingeyupenda	ngingeyupenda
2nd singular	uyopenda	oyopenda	uyopenda	awuyupenda	ongeyupenda	ungeyupenda
1st plural	siyopenda	esiyopenda	siyopenda	asiyupenda	esingeyupenda	singeyupenda
2nd plural	niyopenda	eniyopenda	niyopenda	aniyupenda	eningeyupenda	ningeyupenda
Class 1	uyopenda	oyopenda	eyopenda	akayupenda	ongeyupenda	engeyupenda
Class 2	bayopenda	abayopenda	beyopenda	abayupenda	abangeyupenda	bengeyupenda
Class 3	uyopenda	oyopenda	uyopenda	awuyupenda	ongeyupenda	ungeyupenda
Class 4	iyopenda	eyopenda	iyopenda	ayiyupenda	engeyupenda	ingeyupenda
Class 5	liyopenda	eliyopenda	liyopenda	aliyupenda	elingeyupenda	lingeyupenda
Class 6	ayopenda	ayopenda	eyopenda	awayupenda	angeyupenda	engeyupenda
Class 7	siyopenda	esiyopenda	siyopenda	asiyupenda	esingeyupenda	singeyupenda
Class 8	ziyopenda	eziyopenda	ziyopenda	aziyupenda	ezingeyupenda	zingeyupenda
Class 9	iyopenda	eyopenda	iyopenda	ayiyupenda	engeyupenda	ingeyupenda
Class 10	ziyopenda	eziyopenda	ziyopenda	aziyupenda	ezingeyupenda	zingeyupenda
Class 11	luyopenda	oluyopenda	luyopenda	aluyupenda	olungeyupenda	lungeyupenda
Class 14	buyopenda	obuyopenda	buyopenda	abuyupenda	obungeyupenda	bungeyupenda
Class 15	kuyopenda	okuyopenda	kuyopenda	akuyupenda	okungeyupenda	kungeyupenda
Class 17	kuyopenda	okuyopenda	kuyopenda	akuyupenda	okungeyupenda	kungeyupenda
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngipende	ngingapendi
2nd singular	upende	ungapendi
1st plural	sipende	singapendi
2nd plural	nipende	ningapendi
Class 1	apende	angapendi
Class 2	bapende	bangapendi
Class 3	upende	ungapendi
Class 4	ipende	ingapendi
Class 5	lipende	lingapendi
Class 6	apende	angapendi
Class 7	sipende	singapendi
Class 8	zipende	zingapendi
Class 9	ipende	ingapendi
Class 10	zipende	zingapendi
Class 11	lupende	lungapendi
Class 14	bupende	bungapendi
Class 15	kupende	kungapendi
Class 17	kupende	kungapendi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngapenda	ngangapenda, angapenda, angangapenda
2nd singular	wapenda	wangapenda, awapenda, awangapenda
1st plural	sapenda	sangapenda, asapenda, asangapenda
2nd plural	napenda	nangapenda, anapenda, anangapenda
Class 1	wapenda	wangapenda, akapenda, akangapenda
Class 2	bapenda	bangapenda, abapenda, abangapenda
Class 3	wapenda	wangapenda, awapenda, awangapenda
Class 4	yapenda	yangapenda, ayapenda, ayangapenda
Class 5	lapenda	langapenda, alapenda, alangapenda
Class 6	apenda	angapenda, awapenda, awangapenda
Class 7	sapenda	sangapenda, asapenda, asangapenda
Class 8	zapenda	zangapenda, azapenda, azangapenda
Class 9	yapenda	yangapenda, ayapenda, ayangapenda
Class 10	zapenda	zangapenda, azapenda, azangapenda
Class 11	lwapenda	lwangapenda, alwapenda, alwangapenda
Class 14	bapenda	bangapenda, abapenda, abangapenda
Class 15	kwapenda	kwangapenda, akwapenda, akwangapenda
Class 17	kwapenda	kwangapenda, akwapenda, akwangapenda

Related terms

• upende

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “penda”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “penda (3.9)”