patro

See also: patró

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech patro, from Proto-Slavic *pętro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpatro]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

patro n

1. floor, storey
2. (anatomy) palate (roof of the mouth)

Declension

Declension of patro (hard neuter reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	patro	patra
genitive	patra	pater
dative	patru	patrům
accusative	patro	patra
vocative	patro	patra
locative	patře, patru	patrech
instrumental	patrem	patry

Derived terms

• dvoupatrový
• jednopatrový
• měkké patro n (“soft palate”)
• tvrdé patro n (“hard palate”)

See also

• podlaží n
• poschodí n

Further reading

• “patro”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “patro”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “patro”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin pater (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpatro]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -atro
• Hyphenation: pa‧tro

Noun

patro (accusative singular patron, plural patroj, accusative plural patrojn)

1. father

   Mia patro amas min.

   My father loves me.

   La patro de mia patro estas mia avo.

   My father's father is my grandfather.

   La amiko kiun vidis mia patro.

   The friend whom my father saw.

   La amiko kiu vidis mian patron.

   The friend who saw my father

Synonyms

• (diminutive) patreto
• (nonstandard) patriĉo (“father”)
• (child's term) paĉjo (“dad, daddy”)

Hypernyms

• gepatro (“parent”)

Coordinate terms

• patrino (“mother”)

Derived terms

• vicpatro, duonpatro (“stepfather”)

Further reading

• patr' in Fundamento de Esperanto by L. L. Zamenhof, 1905

Ido

Etymology

From Esperanto patro, from German Pater, Italian padre, Spanish padre, all ultimately from Latin pater, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tro/

Noun

patro (plural patri)

1. father
2. (figuratively) title showing respect
3. (Christianity) Father
4. (archaic) parent

Usage notes

Originally patro meant "parent", while the derivatives patrulo meant "father" and patrino meant "mother", but in later times this was changed so patro meant father, while adding genitoro and matro to mean "parent" and "mother".

Synonyms

• papa
• (diminutive) patreto
• (archaic) patrulo

Hypernyms

• genitoro (“parent”)

Coordinate terms

• matro
• mama
• (diminutive) matreto
• (archaic) patrino

Derived terms

• patrala (“fatherly, paternal; patronymic”)
• patratra (“fatherly, paternal”)
• patreto (“daddy”)
• stifa patro/stif-patro (“stepfather”)
• baptopatro (“godfather”)
• bopatro (“father-in-law”)

Further reading

• patr-o in Ido-English Dictionary by L. H. Dyer, 1924

Latin

Etymology

pater (“father”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.troː/, [ˈpät̪roː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tro/, [ˈpäːt̪ro]

Verb

patrō (present infinitive patrāre, perfect active patrāvī, supine patrātum); first conjugation

1. to execute, conclude, finish, accomplish

   Synonyms: perficiō, dēfungor, cōnficiō, agō, cumulō, absolvō, nāvō, inclūdō, conclūdō, condō, claudō, expleō, fungor, efficiō, exsequor, perpetrō, trānsigō, exhauriō

2. to orgasm, ejaculate

Conjugation

   Conjugation of patrō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	patrō	patrās	patrat	patrāmus	patrātis	patrant
	imperfect	patrābam	patrābās	patrābat	patrābāmus	patrābātis	patrābant
	future	patrābō	patrābis	patrābit	patrābimus	patrābitis	patrābunt
	perfect	patrāvī	patrāvistī, patrāstī1	patrāvit, patrāt1	patrāvimus, patrāmus1	patrāvistis, patrāstis1	patrāvērunt, patrārunt, patrāvēre1
	pluperfect	patrāveram, patrāram1	patrāverās, patrārās1	patrāverat, patrārat1	patrāverāmus, patrārāmus1	patrāverātis, patrārātis1	patrāverant, patrārant1
	future perfect	patrāverō, patrārō1	patrāveris, patrāris1	patrāverit, patrārit1	patrāverimus, patrārimus1	patrāveritis, patrāritis1	patrāverint, patrārint1
passive	present	patror	patrāris, patrāre	patrātur	patrāmur	patrāminī	patrantur
	imperfect	patrābar	patrābāris, patrābāre	patrābātur	patrābāmur	patrābāminī	patrābantur
	future	patrābor	patrāberis, patrābere	patrābitur	patrābimur	patrābiminī	patrābuntur
	perfect	patrātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	patrātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	patrātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	patrem	patrēs	patret	patrēmus	patrētis	patrent
	imperfect	patrārem	patrārēs	patrāret	patrārēmus	patrārētis	patrārent
	perfect	patrāverim, patrārim1	patrāverīs, patrārīs1	patrāverit, patrārit1	patrāverīmus, patrārīmus1	patrāverītis, patrārītis1	patrāverint, patrārint1
	pluperfect	patrāvissem, patrāssem1	patrāvissēs, patrāssēs1	patrāvisset, patrāsset1	patrāvissēmus, patrāssēmus1	patrāvissētis, patrāssētis1	patrāvissent, patrāssent1
passive	present	patrer	patrēris, patrēre	patrētur	patrēmur	patrēminī	patrentur
	imperfect	patrārer	patrārēris, patrārēre	patrārētur	patrārēmur	patrārēminī	patrārentur
	perfect	patrātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	patrātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	patrā	—	—	patrāte	—
	future	—	patrātō	patrātō	—	patrātōte	patrantō
passive	present	—	patrāre	—	—	patrāminī	—
	future	—	patrātor	patrātor	—	—	patrantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		patrāre	patrāvisse, patrāsse1	patrātūrum esse	patrārī	patrātum esse	patrātum īrī
participles		patrāns	—	patrātūrus	—	patrātus	patrandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		patrandī	patrandō	patrandum	patrandō	patrātum	patrātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• impetrō
• perpetrō

References

• “patro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• patro in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• “patro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “patro”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[1]
• 1826, Pierre Pierrugues, Glossarium Eroticum Linguae Latinae, pages 381-382.