nubo

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Äiwoo

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Noun

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nubo

  1. soil, earth

Verb

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nubo

  1. to die

References

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Esperanto

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Esperanto Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia eo

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin nūbēs. Compare Italian nube, French nue.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈnubo]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ubo
  • Hyphenation: nu‧bo

Noun

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nubo (accusative singular nubon, plural nuboj, accusative plural nubojn)

  1. cloud

Derived terms

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Ido

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Esperanto nubo, French nue, Italian nube, Spanish nube, from Latin nūbēs.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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nubo (plural nubi)

  1. (meteorology) cloud

Derived terms

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  • nubeto (“little cloud, cloudlet”)
  • nubizar (“to make misty; to becloud”)

Latin

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Etymology

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Per the LIV and IEW, from Proto-Indo-European *snewbʰ- (“to marry, to wed”), cognate to Proto-Slavic *snubìti.[1][2] Ernout and Meillet dispute this and instead connect this word with nūbēs (“cloud”), from PIE *(s)newdʰ- (“to cover”)[3] (the sense development would be "to cover" > "to take the veil" > "to get married"). De Vaan finds Ernout and Meillet's proposal semantically attractive, but morphologically difficult: if the root originally ended in *dʰ, then the attested supine stem must be a recent (re)formation, since an old supine form would have regularly developed -ss-, as in iussus (perfect participle of iubeō) from *Hyewdʰ-.[4]

The vowel in the first syllable of the supine stem is marked long by Lewis (1891) and Bennett (1907),[5] but De Vaan (2008) implies that it is short by omitting a macron, Ernout and Meillet explicitly mark it with a breve (nŭptum),[3] and Wartburg (1928–2002) and Bienvenu (1965) mark ŭ as short in the derived word nuptiae.[6][7] A short vowel in the supine stem would match the ablaut-based length alternation pattern seen in dūcō, dūxī, ductum (with a supine/past participle stem built on the zero grade of the root). On the other hand, a long vowel could have been introduced by analogy with the present stem, perfect stem, or both (as in scrībō, scrīpsī, scrīptum).

Possibly cognate with Ancient Greek νύμφη (númphē, “bride, young wife, nymph”) (English nymph), but this is disputed.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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nūbō (present infinitive nūbere, perfect active nūpsī, supine nū̆ptum); third conjugation

  1. (intransitive, of a woman) to get married to, marry, wed [with dative ‘a man’]
    Synonym: innūbō
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.489–490:
      Hāc quoque dē causā, sī tē prōverbia tangunt,
      mēnse malum Maiō nūbere volgus ait.
      For this reason, too, if proverbs interest you: [It is] a misfortune to marry in the month of May, the common folk say.
      (See: Lemuria (festival).)
  2. (intransitive, of plants) to become joined, tied or wedded to
  3. (transitive, rare) to cover, veil
    Synonyms: vēlō, dissimulō, occultō, indūcō, operiō, obnūbō, occulō, condō, recondō, verrō, obruō, adoperiō, tegō, abscondō, abdō, cooperiō, premō, opprimō, comprimō, obvolvō, prōtegō, mergō
    Antonyms: adaperiō, aperiō, patefaciō

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of nūbō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present nūbō nūbis nūbit nūbimus nūbitis nūbunt
imperfect nūbēbam nūbēbās nūbēbat nūbēbāmus nūbēbātis nūbēbant
future nūbam nūbēs nūbet nūbēmus nūbētis nūbent
perfect nūpsī nūpsistī nūpsit nūpsimus nūpsistis nūpsērunt,
nūpsēre
pluperfect nūpseram nūpserās nūpserat nūpserāmus nūpserātis nūpserant
future perfect nūpserō nūpseris nūpserit nūpserimus nūpseritis nūpserint
passive present nūbor nūberis,
nūbere 		nūbitur nūbimur nūbiminī nūbuntur
imperfect nūbēbar nūbēbāris,
nūbēbāre 		nūbēbātur nūbēbāmur nūbēbāminī nūbēbantur
future nūbar nūbēris,
nūbēre 		nūbētur nūbēmur nūbēminī nūbentur
perfect nū̆ptus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect nū̆ptus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect nū̆ptus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present nūbam nūbās nūbat nūbāmus nūbātis nūbant
imperfect nūberem nūberēs nūberet nūberēmus nūberētis nūberent
perfect nūpserim nūpserīs nūpserit nūpserīmus nūpserītis nūpserint
pluperfect nūpsissem nūpsissēs nūpsisset nūpsissēmus nūpsissētis nūpsissent
passive present nūbar nūbāris,
nūbāre 		nūbātur nūbāmur nūbāminī nūbantur
imperfect nūberer nūberēris,
nūberēre 		nūberētur nūberēmur nūberēminī nūberentur
perfect nū̆ptus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect nū̆ptus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — nūbe — — nūbite —
future — nūbitō nūbitō — nūbitōte nūbuntō
passive present — nūbere — — nūbiminī —
future — nūbitor nūbitor — — nūbuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives nūbere nūpsisse nū̆ptūrum esse nūbī nū̆ptum esse nū̆ptum īrī
participles nūbēns — nū̆ptūrus — nū̆ptus nūbendus,
nūbundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
nūbendī nūbendō nūbendum nūbendō nū̆ptum nū̆ptū

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “sneubh”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 977
  2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*snewbʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 574
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “nubo”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots‎[1] (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 449
  4. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “nūbō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 417
  5. ^ Charles E. Bennett (1907) “Hidden Quantity”, in The Latin Language – a historical outline of its sounds, inflections, and syntax, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, page 70
  6. ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “nŭptiae”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 7: N–Pas, page 245
  7. ^ Bienvenu, Emmett, "The Stem-Vowel Quantity of the Nouns, Adjectives and Verbs Used by Virgil and Horace" (1965). Master's Theses. 1909. Page 71. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1909

Further reading

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  • “nubo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “nubo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • nubo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to marry (of the woman): nubere alicui
    • (ambiguous) to give one's daughter in marriage to some-one: filiam alicui nuptum dare
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