jíti
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Old Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьti.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]jíti impf
- to go, to move; to walk [with s (+ instrumental) ‘with what/whom’]
- to leave, to go away [with ot (+ genitive)]
- to go through, to pass [with skrzě (+ accusative)]
- to appear [with přěd (+ accusative) ‘before what/whom’]
- to gather, to assemble [with v (+ accusative)]
- to enter; to return; to arrive
- to follow [with za (+ instrumental) ‘what/whom’]
- to approach; to identify with [with v (+ accusative)]
- to fight, to oppose [with na (+ accusative) or proti (+ dative)]
- to stick to something, to behave in a certain way, to live in a certain way [with instrumental]
- to get oneself into a situation [with v (+ accusative)]
- (impersonal) to be threatened with a punishment [with dative ‘subject’] [with o (+ accusative)], [with na (+ accusative)], or [with k (+ dative) ‘what punishment’]
- (of a path) to go, to lead
- (of sound, steam, or other things) to spread
- (of liquid) to flow
- (of a smell) to emanate
- (impersonal) to happen [with dative]
- (of money) to belong to someone
- (of proprety) to enter someone's possession
- (of records) to comply [with dative ‘whom’] [with podlé (+ genitive) ‘according to what’]
- to aim for some result [with k (+ dative) ‘for what’]
- to result from [with k (+ dative)], [with z (+ genitive)]
- (of matters, affairs, issues) to concern, to be about
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of jíti (irregular)
infinitive | supine | verbal noun |
---|---|---|
jíti | jit | jitie |
Present | Imperative | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1st person | jdu | jdevě (-va) | jdem (-me/-my) | – | jděvě (-va) | jděm (-me/-my) |
2nd person | jdeš | jdeta | jdete | jdi | jděta | jděte |
3rd person | jde | jdeta | jdú | jdi | jděta | jděte |
Sigmatic aorist | Asigmatic aorist | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1st person | jidech, jděch | jidechově, jděchově (-va) | jidechom, jděchom (-me/-my) | jid | jidově (-va) | jidom (-me/-my) |
2nd person | jide, jdě | jidesta, jděsta (-šta) | jideste, jděste (-šte) | jide | jideta | jidete |
3rd person | jide, jdě | jidesta, jděsta (-šta) | jidechu, jděchu | jide | jideta | jidu (-ú) |
Imperfect | ||||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||
1st person | jdiech | jdiechově (-va) | jdiechom (-me/-my) | |||
2nd person | jdieše | jdiešta (-sta) | jdiešte (-ste) | |||
3rd person | jdieše | jdiešta (-sta) | jdiechu |
L-participle | Passive participle | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Masculine | šel | šla | šli | jit | jita | jiti |
Feminine | šla | šle | šly | jita | jitě | jity |
Neuter | šlo | šle | šla | jito | jitě | jita |
Nt-participle | S-participle | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Masculine | jda | jdúce | šed | šedše | ||
Feminine | jdúci | šedši | ||||
Neuter | jda, jdúci | šed, šedši |
Note: This table shows the most common forms of jíti around the 13th/14th century. See also Appendix:Old Czech verbs and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Czech: jít
References
[edit]- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “jíti”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění