harmincas

Hungarian

Hungarian numbers ^(edit)

		300
←  20	←  29	30	31  →	40  →
		3
Cardinal: harminc     Nominal: harmincas     Ordinal: harmincadik     Day of month: harmincadika     A.o.: harmincadszor, harmincadjára     Adverbial: harmincszor     Multiplier: harmincszoros     Distributive: harmincasával     Fractional: harmincad     Number of people: harmincan

Etymology

harminc +‎ -as

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈhɒrmint͡sɒʃ]
• Hyphenation: har‧min‧cas
• Rhymes: -ɒʃ

Adjective

harmincas (not comparable)

1. the number or amount (of) thirty (the written symbol “30” or “XXX”)
2. thirty-something years old, in one’s thirties

   egy harmincas férfi ― a man in his thirties

3. Ellipsis of 1930-es., (of the) thirties

   a harmincas években ― in the thirties

4. a group or set containing thirty entities

   harmincas csoportokban ― in groups of thirty

5. (colloquial) leaving or arriving at a certain hour and thirty minutes

   a hat óra harmincas vonat ― the 6:30 train

Usage notes

The following nominal numerals (adjectives or nouns), coined from numerals (with the suffix -s/-os/-as/-es/-ös in Hungarian), refer to items designated with a specific number, such as No. 1, No. 2 etc. (as opposed to 1st, 2nd etc.). Question word: hányas? Examples:

• (single digits) pronounced names or symbols of numbers: nullás (0-s), egyes (1-es), kettes (2-es), hármas (3-as), négyes (4-es), ötös (5-ös), hatos (6-os), hetes (7-es), nyolcas (8-as), kilences (9-es)
• (usually 1–300, 900–999) public transport lines (e.g. négyes-hatos)
• numbered seats, rooms, cubicles, or other compartments
• motorways, highways, e.g. hatvanhatos út (“Route 66”)
• school grades: egyes (“F”), kettes (“D”), hármas (“C”), négyes (“B”), ötös (“A”)
• (multiples of 1, 2, 5) coins: ötös, tízes, húszas​―​colloquially also for thousand bills―, ötvenes, százas, kétszázas; bills: ötszázas, ezres, kétezres, ötezres, tízezres, húszezres
• (tens) decades in a century, e.g. 1970-es, 1980-as, 1990-es, 2000-es, 2010-es, 2020-as (… évek ’years’)
• (tens) decades of a person’s age: tízes (10-es), húszas (20-as), harmincas (30-as), negyvenes (40-es), ötvenes (50-es), hatvanas (60-as), hetvenes (70-es), nyolcvanas (80-as), kilencvenes (90-es)
• packages or sets with a given number of items
• (small numbers, up to 4 or 5) groups of people
• (round numbers) orders of magnitude: tízes, százas, ezres, tízezres, százezres, milliós, milliárdos, billiós, etc.
• numerical systems: kettes, tízes, tizenhatos (16-os), etc.
• (between 0 and 59) trains, coaches, and flights departing or arriving at some time, attached to the number of minutes
• people or groups identified by symbolic dates and other numerals: huszon­nyolcas, harminc­kettes, negyven­nyolcas, ötven­hatos, hatvan­nyolcas, nyolcvan­kilences

Declension

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	harmincas	harmincasak
accusative	harmincasat	harmincasakat
dative	harmincasnak	harmincasaknak
instrumental	harmincassal	harmincasakkal
causal-final	harmincasért	harmincasakért
translative	harmincassá	harmincasakká
terminative	harmincasig	harmincasakig
essive-formal	harmincasként	harmincasakként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	harmincasban	harmincasakban
superessive	harmincason	harmincasakon
adessive	harmincasnál	harmincasaknál
illative	harmincasba	harmincasakba
sublative	harmincasra	harmincasakra
allative	harmincashoz	harmincasakhoz
elative	harmincasból	harmincasakból
delative	harmincasról	harmincasakról
ablative	harmincastól	harmincasaktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	harmincasé	harmincasaké
non-attributive possessive - plural	harmincaséi	harmincasakéi

Noun

harmincas (plural harmincasok)

1. the figure thirty
2. a person or object marked with the figure thirty

   a harmincas busz ― bus number thirty

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	harmincas	harmincasok
accusative	harmincast	harmincasokat
dative	harmincasnak	harmincasoknak
instrumental	harmincassal	harmincasokkal
causal-final	harmincasért	harmincasokért
translative	harmincassá	harmincasokká
terminative	harmincasig	harmincasokig
essive-formal	harmincasként	harmincasokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	harmincasban	harmincasokban
superessive	harmincason	harmincasokon
adessive	harmincasnál	harmincasoknál
illative	harmincasba	harmincasokba
sublative	harmincasra	harmincasokra
allative	harmincashoz	harmincasokhoz
elative	harmincasból	harmincasokból
delative	harmincasról	harmincasokról
ablative	harmincastól	harmincasoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	harmincasé	harmincasoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	harmincaséi	harmincasokéi

Possessive forms of harmincas
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	harmincasom	harmincasaim
2nd person sing.	harmincasod	harmincasaid
3rd person sing.	harmincasa	harmincasai
1st person plural	harmincasunk	harmincasaink
2nd person plural	harmincasotok	harmincasaitok
3rd person plural	harmincasuk	harmincasaik

Further reading

• harmincas in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN