effundo

Latin

Etymology

From ex- (“out of”) +‎ fundō (“pour”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /efˈfun.doː/, [ɛfˈfʊn̪d̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /efˈfun.do/, [efˈfun̪d̪o]

Verb

effundō (present infinitive effundere, perfect active effūdī, supine effūsum); third conjugation

1. (of liquids) to pour out, shed, spread abroad, drain off

   Synonyms: confundō, fundō, diffundō, dēfundō, differō, indūcō, sternō, dissipō

   Eheu! Ego aquam effundo ― Alas! I pour out the water.

2. to pour, drive, cast or send out, shower, discharge

   Synonyms: ēmittō, prōdō, ēdō

3. (reflexive or passive voice) to give oneself up to, yield to, indulge in
4. to lavish, squander, expend, waste, run through

   Synonyms: abutor, perdō, conterō, cōnsūmō, dissipō

5. to cast away, give up, let go, dismiss, resign

   Synonyms: dedō, reddō, decedō, omittō, destituō, cedō

6. to relax, loosen, slacken, let go
7. (of soldiers) to be scattered, dispersed
8. to unbind, unlink, release

   Synonyms: ēmittō, distrahō, absolvō

Conjugation

Conjugation of effundō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	effundō	effundis	effundit	effundimus	effunditis	effundunt
	imperfect	effundēbam	effundēbās	effundēbat	effundēbāmus	effundēbātis	effundēbant
	future	effundam	effundēs	effundet	effundēmus	effundētis	effundent
	perfect	effūdī	effūdistī	effūdit	effūdimus	effūdistis	effūdērunt, effūdēre
	pluperfect	effūderam	effūderās	effūderat	effūderāmus	effūderātis	effūderant
	future perfect	effūderō	effūderis	effūderit	effūderimus	effūderitis	effūderint
passive	present	effundor	effunderis, effundere	effunditur	effundimur	effundiminī	effunduntur
	imperfect	effundēbar	effundēbāris, effundēbāre	effundēbātur	effundēbāmur	effundēbāminī	effundēbantur
	future	effundar	effundēris, effundēre	effundētur	effundēmur	effundēminī	effundentur
	perfect	effūsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	effūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	effūsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	effundam	effundās	effundat	effundāmus	effundātis	effundant
	imperfect	effunderem	effunderēs	effunderet	effunderēmus	effunderētis	effunderent
	perfect	effūderim	effūderīs	effūderit	effūderīmus	effūderītis	effūderint
	pluperfect	effūdissem	effūdissēs	effūdisset	effūdissēmus	effūdissētis	effūdissent
passive	present	effundar	effundāris, effundāre	effundātur	effundāmur	effundāminī	effundantur
	imperfect	effunderer	effunderēris, effunderēre	effunderētur	effunderēmur	effunderēminī	effunderentur
	perfect	effūsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	effūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	effunde	—	—	effundite	—
	future	—	effunditō	effunditō	—	effunditōte	effunduntō
passive	present	—	effundere	—	—	effundiminī	—
	future	—	effunditor	effunditor	—	—	effunduntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		effundere	effūdisse	effūsūrum esse	effundī	effūsum esse	effūsum īrī
participles		effundēns	—	effūsūrus	—	effūsus	effundendus, effundundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		effundendī	effundendō	effundendum	effundendō	effūsum	effūsū

Derived terms

• effūsē
• effūsiō
• effūsor
• effūsus

Related terms

• cōnfundō
• fundō

Descendants

• → English: effuse
• → Italian: effondere
• → Portuguese: efundir
• → Sicilian: ffùnniri
• → Spanish: efundir

References

• “effundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “effundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• effundo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• effundo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen super ripas effunditur
    
  • to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
    
  • to be bathed in tears: in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
    
  • to shed one's blood for one's fatherland: sanguinem suum pro patria effundere or profundere
    
  • to find relief in tears: dolorem in lacrimas effundere
    
  • to vent one's anger, spite on some one: virus acerbitatis suae effundere in aliquem (De Amic. 23. 87)
    
  • to vent one's anger, spite on some one: iram in aliquem effundere
    
  • to plunge into excesses, a career of excess: in luxuriam effundi
    
  • to squander one's money, one's patrimony: effundere, profundere pecuniam, patrimonium