centrum

English

Etymology

From Middle English centrum, from Latin centrum. Doublet of centre.

Noun

centrum (plural centra)

1. A centre.
2. (anatomy)
   1. The central body of a vertebra; the solid piece to which the arches and some other parts are or may be attached.
   2. The basis or fundamental portion of one of the cranial segments, regarded as analogous to vertebrae.
3. (seismology) The focus or place of origin of an earthquake.

Derived terms

• cytocentrum
• intercentrum
• pleurocentrum

 

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin centrum, from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron), from κεντέω (kentéō).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sɛntrum]

Noun

centrum n

1. centre (of a city)

   Synonym: střed

   Antonyms: okraj, periferie

   Hotel se nachází v centru města. ― The hotel is located downtown

2. centre (place where activity occurs)

   Synonym: středisko

Declension

Declension of centrum (hard neuter reducible foreign)

	singular	plural
nominative	centrum	centra
genitive	centra	center
dative	centru	centrům
accusative	centrum	centra
vocative	centrum	centra
locative	centru	centrech
instrumental	centrem	centry

Derived terms

• nákupní centrum
• zdravotní centrum

 

Related terms

• antropocentrický
• antropocentrismus
• centralismus
• centralista
• centralistický
• centralizace
• centralizovat
• centrála
• centrální
• centrifuga
• centrismus
• centrista
• centromera
• centrovat
• decentralizace
• decentralizovat
• egocentrický
• egocentrismus
• ekocentrum
• excentrický
• excentrik
• fitcentrum
• geocentrický
• geocentrismus
• heliocentrický
• heliocentrismus
• koncentrace
• koncentrák
• koncentrát
• koncentricita
• koncentrický
• koncentrovat
• pragocentrismus

 

Further reading

• “centrum”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “centrum”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “centrum”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin centrum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɛn.trʏm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: cen‧trum

Noun

centrum n (plural centra or centrums, diminutive centrumpje n)

1. the centre, middle of focal part (e.g. of activity)
2. (geometry) centre (UK)
3. a centre, centralised facility; also, gathering place
4. city centre, town centre

   Synonyms: binnenstad, stadscentrum, stadshart, stadskern

Derived terms

• asielzoekerscentrum
• bestuurscentrum
• centrumlinks
• centrumpartij
• centrumrechts
• centrumstad
• centrumvliedend
• centrumzoekend
• dorpscentrum
• gezondheidscentrum
• handelscentrum
• machtscentrum
• sportcentrum
• stadscentrum
• vaccinatiecentrum
• Voedingscentrum
• wijkcentrum
• winkelcentrum
• zakencentrum
• zenuwcentrum

 

Related terms

• centraal
• centreren

Descendants

• Afrikaans: sentrum
• → Indonesian: sentra (from the plural)

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin centrum (“centre”), from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron, “sharp point”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sɛntrum]
• Hyphenation: cent‧rum
• Rhymes: -um

Noun

centrum (plural centrumok)

1. centre (the middle of)
2. centre (of a city)
3. centre (of an activity)
4. (geometry) centre
5. (politics) the Centre

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	centrum	centrumok
accusative	centrumot	centrumokat
dative	centrumnak	centrumoknak
instrumental	centrummal	centrumokkal
causal-final	centrumért	centrumokért
translative	centrummá	centrumokká
terminative	centrumig	centrumokig
essive-formal	centrumként	centrumokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	centrumban	centrumokban
superessive	centrumon	centrumokon
adessive	centrumnál	centrumoknál
illative	centrumba	centrumokba
sublative	centrumra	centrumokra
allative	centrumhoz	centrumokhoz
elative	centrumból	centrumokból
delative	centrumról	centrumokról
ablative	centrumtól	centrumoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	centrumé	centrumoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	centruméi	centrumokéi

Possessive forms of centrum
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	centrumom	centrumaim
2nd person sing.	centrumod	centrumaid
3rd person sing.	centruma	centrumai
1st person plural	centrumunk	centrumaink
2nd person plural	centrumotok	centrumaitok
3rd person plural	centrumuk	centrumaik

Related terms

• center
• centralista, centralizáció, centralizál, centralizmus
• centrálé, centrális
• centrálzár
• centrifuga, centrifugál, centrifugális
• -centrikus
• centripetális
• centrista
• centríroz
• decentralizáció, decentralizál
• epicentrum
• excentricitás, excentrikus
• koncentrál, koncentráció, koncentrátum
• koncentrikus
• lapcentrált

Further reading

• centrum in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• centrum in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron, “sharp point”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈken.trum/, [ˈkɛn̪t̪rʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃen.trum/, [ˈt͡ʃɛn̪t̪rum]

Noun

centrum n (genitive centrī); second declension

1. center

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	centrum	centra
genitive	centrī	centrōrum
dative	centrō	centrīs
accusative	centrum	centra
ablative	centrō	centrīs
vocative	centrum	centra

Derived terms

• centrālis

Descendants

• → Albanian: qendër
• → Asturian: centru
• → Bulgarian: център (centǎr)
• → Catalan: centre
• → Danish: centrum
• → Dutch: centrum
• → English: centre
  • → Japanese: センター
  • → Korean: 센터 (senteo)
• → French: centre
• → Friulian: centri
• → Galician: centre
• → German: Zentrum
• → Italian: centro
  • → Sardinian: tzentru
• → Lithuanian: centras
• → Latvian: centrs
• → Norwegian: sentrum
• → Occitan: centre
• → Piedmontese: centr
• → Polish: centrum
• → Portuguese: centro
• → Proto-Brythonic: *keθr *kentr
  • Breton: kentr
  • Middle Welsh: kethr
    • Welsh: cethr
• → Romanian: centru
• → Russian: центр (centr)
• → Serbo-Croatian: центар / centar
• → Sicilian: centru
• → Spanish: centro
• → Swedish: centrum, central
• → Turkish: centrum

References

• “centrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• centrum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• centrum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin centrum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛn.trum/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛntrum
• Syllabification: cen‧trum

Noun

centrum n

1. centre (of a city)
2. centre (the middle part of)

   Synonym: środek

3. centre (of an activity)

   Synonym: ośrodek

4. (politics) the Centre

Declension

Declension of centrum

	singular	plural
nominative	centrum	centra
genitive	centrum	centrów
dative	centrum	centrom
accusative	centrum	centra
instrumental	centrum	centrami
locative	centrum	centrach
vocative	centrum	centra

Derived terms

adjectives

• centralny
• centrowy
• centrystyczny

 

adverbs

• centralnie

 

nouns

• antycentrum
• centrala
• centralka
• centrowiec
• centrysta

 

verbs

• centrować
• nacentrować
• scentrować
• wycentrować
• zacentrować

 

Further reading

• centrum in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• centrum in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Slovak

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin centrum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sentrum]

Noun

centrum n

1. center (of a city)

Declension

Declension of centrum (pattern mesto, of Latin origin ending with -um)

	singular	plural
nominative	centrum	centrá
genitive	centra	centier
dative	centru	centrám
accusative	centrum	centrá
locative	centre	centrách
instrumental	centrom	centrami

Further reading

• “centrum”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin centrum. Doublet of center.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²sɛnːtrɵm/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

centrum n

1. centre; the middle of something
2. centre; place where a function or activity occurs
3. the central areas of a city or a suburb

Usage notes

• The various declensions are not tied to different meanings of the word, only a sign of the bewilderness of how best to fit this Latin word into Swedish.
• Swedish uses centrum for the shops at the centre of a suburb (Farsta) or small and medium-sized town (Uppsala), while the centre of a larger city (Stockholm) is often called city.

Declension

Declension of centrum

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	centrum	centrums
	definite	centrumet	centrumets
plural	indefinite	centrum	centrums
	definite	centrumen	centrumens

Declension of centrum

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	centrum	centrums
	definite	centret	centrets
plural	indefinite	centrer	centrers
	definite	centrerna	centrernas

Declension of centrum

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	centrum	centrums
	definite	centrum	centrums
plural	indefinite	centra	centras
	definite	centra	centras

Derived terms

• i händelsernas centrum
• köpcentrum

Related terms

• central
• centrera

Turkish

Etymology

From Latin centrum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʒɛnt.ɾum/

Noun

centrum (definite accusative centrumu, plural centrumlar)

1. centre (central area of a city)

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	centrum
Definite accusative	centrumu
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	centrum	centrumlar
Definite accusative	centrumu	centrumları
Dative	centruma	centrumlara
Locative	centrumda	centrumlarda
Ablative	centrumdan	centrumlardan
Genitive	centrumun	centrumların