buka

See also: Buka

English

Etymology 1

From Javanese [Term?].

Noun

buka (plural bukas)

1. (music) The short introduction to a gamelan piece, generally played by a single instrument in a free rhythm, with the kendhang coming in on the last few notes to set the tempo.

Etymology 2

Aboriginal woman in a buka cloak

Alternative forms

• boka

Noun

buka (plural bukas)

1. A kangaroo-skin cloak traditionally worn by the Noongar people of southwestern Australia.

See also

• buka puasa

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Yoruba búkà or Hausa búkkàa.

Alternative forms

• bukka

Noun

buka (plural bukas)

1. (Nigeria) an inexpensive, quick, road-side restaurant serving Nigerian food.
   • 2012, Chibundu Onuzo, The Spider King’s Daughter, Faber and Faber (2013), page 164:

     I made a noncommittal noise and looked round the buka. It was a Saturday afternoon. The place was empty, with the bare plastic tables showing oil and grease stains.

Anagrams

• Baku

Bikol Central

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /buˈka/ [buˈka]
• Hyphenation: bu‧ka

Adjective

buká (plural buruka, Basahan spelling ᜊᜓᜃ)

1. open

   Synonyms: bukas, abri

   Antonyms: serado, pinto

2. turned on; powered up

   Antonyms: parong, palsok

Verb

buká (plural buruka, Basahan spelling ᜊᜓᜃ)

1. to open

   Synonyms: bukas, abri

   Antonyms: sera, pinto

2. to turn on; to power up

   Antonyms: parong, palsok

Derived terms

• bukahon
• ibuka
• magbuka

Ese

Noun

buka

1. book

Faroese

Etymology

From buka (a wooden hammer).

Verb

buka

1. to beat, to strike

   Bukaði hann meg við vongknúgvum bæði til høvur og føtur

Conjugation

Conjugation of buka (group v-30)

infinitive	buka
supine	bukað
	present	past
first singular	buki	bukaði
second singular	bukar	bukaði
third singular	bukar	bukaði
plural	buka	bukaðu
participle (a6)1	bukandi	bukaður
	imperative
singular	buka!
plural	bukið!

¹Only the past participle being declined.

Derived terms

• bukari

See also

• banka
• berja
• klappa
• knúlva
• sláa

Fijian

Noun

buka

1. fire

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *buka (compare Malay buka), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buka (compare Tagalog buka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /buka/
• Hyphenation: bu‧ka
• Rhymes: -uka

Verb

buka

1. to open (to make something accessible)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈbuka/ [ˈbu.ka]
• Rhymes: -uka
• Syllabification: bu‧ka

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay buka, from Proto-Malayic *buka, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buka (“to open, uncover”).

Cognates

Cognate with Minangkabau buko, Iban buka, Bikol Central buka, Tagalog buka, Cebuano buka.

Adjective

buka

1. open (actively conducting or prepared to conduct business)

   Besok tokonya akan buka.

   Tomorrow the shop will open.

Verb

buka (active membuka, passive dibuka, involuntary/perfective passive terbuka)

1. to open

   Terkadang aku membuka kulkasku untuk melihat isinya.

   Sometimes I open my refrigerator to see what's inside.

Derived terms

Affixed terms

• berbuka-bukaan
• bukaan
• bukai
• bukakan
• keterbukaan
• pembuka
• pembukaan
• terbuka

Compound terms

• buka kemas
• buka mulut

Etymology 2

See above. Semantic loan from Arabic إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār, “to break”).

Verb

buka (active berbuka)

1. (intransitive, Islam) to break the fast; to have iftar.

Derived terms

• berbuka
• bukaan

Further reading

• “buka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
• “membuka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
• “berbuka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese

Romanization

buka

1. Rōmaji transcription of ぶか

Kituba

Verb

buka

1. to break

Lingala

Verb

buka

1. to break

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbuka]

Noun

buka

1. genitive singular of buk
2. nominative dual of buk
3. accusative dual of buk

Lozi

Noun

buka

1. book

   Buka ye itula hahulu. ― This book is boring.

References

• R. M. Mukuni, Silozi-English Phrase Book (1991)

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *buka (compare Indonesian buka), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buka (compare Tagalog buka).

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /bukə/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /buka/
• Rhymes: -ukə, -kə, -ə

Verb

buka (used in the form membuka)

1. to open (to make something accessible)
2. to turn on; to switch on

   Tolong buka kipas dan lampu.

   Please switch on the fan and lights.

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbu.ka/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uka
• Syllabification: bu‧ka

Noun

buka

1. genitive singular of buk

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *buka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bûka/
• Hyphenation: bu‧ka

Noun

bȕka f (Cyrillic spelling бу̏ка)

1. noise (various sounds, usually unwanted)

Declension

Declension of buka

	singular	plural
nominative	bȕka	buke
genitive	buke	bȗkā
dative	bȕci	bukama
accusative	buku	buke
vocative	buko	buke
locative	bȕci	bukama
instrumental	bukom	bukama

Derived terms

• bȕk
• bȕčan

Noun

buka (Cyrillic spelling бука)

1. genitive singular of buk

Further reading

• “buka”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbuka]

Noun

buka

1. genitive singular of buk

Sotho

Etymology

Borrowed from English book.

Noun

buka class 9/10 (plural dibuka)

1. book

Swazi

Verb

-búka

1. to look at, to watch

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Tagalog

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buka. Compare Bikol Central buka, Cebuano buka, and Malay buka.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /buˈka/ [bʊˈxa]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: bu‧ka

Adjective

buká (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜃ)

1. open; unfolded; stretched out (as of flowers, mouths, wings, etc.)

   Synonyms: bukad, bukas, nganga, awang

Derived terms

• bukahin
• bukang-bibig
• bukang-buka
• bukang-isip
• bukang-liwanag
• bukang-liwayway
• bukhin
• bumuka
• ibuka
• mabuka
• magbukang-liwayway
• makabuka
• mamuka

Noun

buká (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜃ)

1. condition of being unfolded (as of flowers, mouths, wings, etc.)
2. act of unfolding (as of flowers, mouths, wings, etc.)

Further reading

• “buka”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Anagrams

• kuba, ukab, Kuba

Ternate

Etymology

From Malay buka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbu.ka]

Verb

buka

1. (intransitive) to open

Conjugation

Conjugation of buka

		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		tobuka	fobuka	mibuka
2nd person		nobuka	nibuka
3rd person	masculine	obuka	ibuka yobuka (archaic)
	feminine	mobuka
	neuter	ibuka

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tsonga

Etymology

Borrowed from English book.

Noun

buka class 5 (plural mabuka class 6)

1. book

Volapük

Noun

buka

1. genitive singular of buk

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-bûka

1. (transitive) to admire

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Yoruba

Búkà

Alternative forms

• بُكَ

Etymology

From Hausa bukkā̀ (“hut”), from Songhay language, ultimately from Mandingo bùgú.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bú.kà/

Noun

búkà

1. A fast food restaurant or shop
2. A type of pepper stew made in búkà restaurants

   Synonym: ọbẹ̀ búkà

Derived terms

• oníbúkà (“owner of a fast food restaurant”)

Descendants

• → English: buka
• → Nigerian Pidgin: buka

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-bûka

1. (transitive) to look at, to watch
2. (transitive) to admire

Inflection

tone HH (infinitive ukubuka)

	positive	negative
infinitive	ukubuka	ukungabuki
imperative
	simple	+ object concord
singular	buka	-buke
plural	bukani	-bukeni
present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyabuka, ngibuka	engibukayo, engibuka	ngibuka	angibuki	engingabuki	ngingabuki
2nd singular	uyabuka, ubuka	obukayo, obuka	ubuka	awubuki	ongabuki	ungabuki
1st plural	siyabuka, sibuka	esibukayo, esibuka	sibuka	asibuki	esingabuki	singabuki
2nd plural	niyabuka, nibuka	enibukayo, enibuka	nibuka	anibuki	eningabuki	ningabuki
class 1	uyabuka, ubuka	obukayo, obuka	ebuka	akabuki	ongabuki	engabuki
class 2	bayabuka, babuka	ababukayo, ababuka	bebuka	ababuki	abangabuki	bengabuki
class 3	uyabuka, ubuka	obukayo, obuka	ubuka	awubuki	ongabuki	ungabuki
class 4	iyabuka, ibuka	ebukayo, ebuka	ibuka	ayibuki	engabuki	ingabuki
class 5	liyabuka, libuka	elibukayo, elibuka	libuka	alibuki	elingabuki	lingabuki
class 6	ayabuka, abuka	abukayo, abuka	ebuka	awabuki	angabuki	engabuki
class 7	siyabuka, sibuka	esibukayo, esibuka	sibuka	asibuki	esingabuki	singabuki
class 8	ziyabuka, zibuka	ezibukayo, ezibuka	zibuka	azibuki	ezingabuki	zingabuki
class 9	iyabuka, ibuka	ebukayo, ebuka	ibuka	ayibuki	engabuki	ingabuki
class 10	ziyabuka, zibuka	ezibukayo, ezibuka	zibuka	azibuki	ezingabuki	zingabuki
class 11	luyabuka, lubuka	olubukayo, olubuka	lubuka	alubuki	olungabuki	lungabuki
class 14	buyabuka, bubuka	obubukayo, obubuka	bubuka	abubuki	obungabuki	bungabuki
class 15	kuyabuka, kubuka	okubukayo, okubuka	kubuka	akubuki	okungabuki	kungabuki
class 17	kuyabuka, kubuka	okubukayo, okubuka	kubuka	akubuki	okungabuki	kungabuki
recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngibukile, ngibukē	engibukile, engibukē	ngibukile, ngibukē	angibukanga	engingabukanga	ngingabukanga
2nd singular	ubukile, ubukē	obukile, obukē	ubukile, ubukē	awubukanga	ongabukanga	ungabukanga
1st plural	sibukile, sibukē	esibukile, esibukē	sibukile, sibukē	asibukanga	esingabukanga	singabukanga
2nd plural	nibukile, nibukē	enibukile, enibukē	nibukile, nibukē	anibukanga	eningabukanga	ningabukanga
class 1	ubukile, ubukē	obukile, obukē	ebukile, ebukē	akabukanga	ongabukanga	engabukanga
class 2	babukile, babukē	ababukile, ababukē	bebukile, bebukē	ababukanga	abangabukanga	bengabukanga
class 3	ubukile, ubukē	obukile, obukē	ubukile, ubukē	awubukanga	ongabukanga	ungabukanga
class 4	ibukile, ibukē	ebukile, ebukē	ibukile, ibukē	ayibukanga	engabukanga	ingabukanga
class 5	libukile, libukē	elibukile, elibukē	libukile, libukē	alibukanga	elingabukanga	lingabukanga
class 6	abukile, abukē	abukile, abukē	ebukile, ebukē	awabukanga	angabukanga	engabukanga
class 7	sibukile, sibukē	esibukile, esibukē	sibukile, sibukē	asibukanga	esingabukanga	singabukanga
class 8	zibukile, zibukē	ezibukile, ezibukē	zibukile, zibukē	azibukanga	ezingabukanga	zingabukanga
class 9	ibukile, ibukē	ebukile, ebukē	ibukile, ibukē	ayibukanga	engabukanga	ingabukanga
class 10	zibukile, zibukē	ezibukile, ezibukē	zibukile, zibukē	azibukanga	ezingabukanga	zingabukanga
class 11	lubukile, lubukē	olubukile, olubukē	lubukile, lubukē	alubukanga	olungabukanga	lungabukanga
class 14	bubukile, bubukē	obubukile, obubukē	bubukile, bubukē	abubukanga	obungabukanga	bungabukanga
class 15	kubukile, kubukē	okubukile, okubukē	kubukile, kubukē	akubukanga	okungabukanga	kungabukanga
class 17	kubukile, kubukē	okubukile, okubukē	kubukile, kubukē	akubukanga	okungabukanga	kungabukanga
remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngābuka	engābuka	ngābuka	angibukanga	engingabukanga	ngingabukanga
2nd singular	wābuka	owābuka	wābuka	awubukanga	ongabukanga	ungabukanga
1st plural	sābuka	esābuka	sābuka	asibukanga	esingabukanga	singabukanga
2nd plural	nābuka	enābuka	nābuka	anibukanga	eningabukanga	ningabukanga
class 1	wābuka	owābuka	ābuka	akabukanga	ongabukanga	engabukanga
class 2	bābuka	abābuka	bābuka	ababukanga	abangabukanga	bengabukanga
class 3	wābuka	owābuka	wābuka	awubukanga	ongabukanga	ungabukanga
class 4	yābuka	eyābuka	yābuka	ayibukanga	engabukanga	ingabukanga
class 5	lābuka	elābuka	lābuka	alibukanga	elingabukanga	lingabukanga
class 6	ābuka	ābuka	ābuka	awabukanga	angabukanga	engabukanga
class 7	sābuka	esābuka	sābuka	asibukanga	esingabukanga	singabukanga
class 8	zābuka	ezābuka	zābuka	azibukanga	ezingabukanga	zingabukanga
class 9	yābuka	eyābuka	yābuka	ayibukanga	engabukanga	ingabukanga
class 10	zābuka	ezābuka	zābuka	azibukanga	ezingabukanga	zingabukanga
class 11	lwābuka	olwābuka	lwābuka	alubukanga	olungabukanga	lungabukanga
class 14	bābuka	obābuka	bābuka	abubukanga	obungabukanga	bungabukanga
class 15	kwābuka	okwābuka	kwābuka	akubukanga	okungabukanga	kungabukanga
class 17	kwābuka	okwābuka	kwābuka	akubukanga	okungabukanga	kungabukanga
potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingabuka	—	ngingabuka	ngingebuke	—	ngingebuke
2nd singular	ungabuka	—	ungabuka	ungebuke	—	ungebuke
1st plural	singabuka	—	singabuka	singebuke	—	singebuke
2nd plural	ningabuka	—	ningabuka	ningebuke	—	ningebuke
class 1	angabuka	—	engabuka	angebuke	—	engebuke
class 2	bangabuka	—	bengabuka	bangebuke	—	bengebuke
class 3	ungabuka	—	ungabuka	ungebuke	—	ungebuke
class 4	ingabuka	—	ingabuka	ingebuke	—	ingebuke
class 5	lingabuka	—	lingabuka	lingebuke	—	lingebuke
class 6	angabuka	—	engabuka	angebuke	—	engebuke
class 7	singabuka	—	singabuka	singebuke	—	singebuke
class 8	zingabuka	—	zingabuka	zingebuke	—	zingebuke
class 9	ingabuka	—	ingabuka	ingebuke	—	ingebuke
class 10	zingabuka	—	zingabuka	zingebuke	—	zingebuke
class 11	lungabuka	—	lungabuka	lungebuke	—	lungebuke
class 14	bungabuka	—	bungabuka	bungebuke	—	bungebuke
class 15	kungabuka	—	kungabuka	kungebuke	—	kungebuke
class 17	kungabuka	—	kungabuka	kungebuke	—	kungebuke
immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizobuka	engizobuka	ngizobuka	angizubuka	engingezubuka	ngingezubuka
2nd singular	uzobuka	ozobuka	uzobuka	awuzubuka	ongezubuka	ungezubuka
1st plural	sizobuka	esizobuka	sizobuka	asizubuka	esingezubuka	singezubuka
2nd plural	nizobuka	enizobuka	nizobuka	anizubuka	eningezubuka	ningezubuka
class 1	uzobuka	ozobuka	ezobuka	akazubuka	ongezubuka	engezubuka
class 2	bazobuka	abazobuka	bezobuka	abazubuka	abangezubuka	bengezubuka
class 3	uzobuka	ozobuka	uzobuka	awuzubuka	ongezubuka	ungezubuka
class 4	izobuka	ezobuka	izobuka	ayizubuka	engezubuka	ingezubuka
class 5	lizobuka	elizobuka	lizobuka	alizubuka	elingezubuka	lingezubuka
class 6	azobuka	azobuka	ezobuka	awazubuka	angezubuka	engezubuka
class 7	sizobuka	esizobuka	sizobuka	asizubuka	esingezubuka	singezubuka
class 8	zizobuka	ezizobuka	zizobuka	azizubuka	ezingezubuka	zingezubuka
class 9	izobuka	ezobuka	izobuka	ayizubuka	engezubuka	ingezubuka
class 10	zizobuka	ezizobuka	zizobuka	azizubuka	ezingezubuka	zingezubuka
class 11	luzobuka	oluzobuka	luzobuka	aluzubuka	olungezubuka	lungezubuka
class 14	buzobuka	obuzobuka	buzobuka	abuzubuka	obungezubuka	bungezubuka
class 15	kuzobuka	okuzobuka	kuzobuka	akuzubuka	okungezubuka	kungezubuka
class 17	kuzobuka	okuzobuka	kuzobuka	akuzubuka	okungezubuka	kungezubuka
remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyobuka	engiyobuka	ngiyobuka	angiyubuka	engingeyubuka	ngingeyubuka
2nd singular	uyobuka	oyobuka	uyobuka	awuyubuka	ongeyubuka	ungeyubuka
1st plural	siyobuka	esiyobuka	siyobuka	asiyubuka	esingeyubuka	singeyubuka
2nd plural	niyobuka	eniyobuka	niyobuka	aniyubuka	eningeyubuka	ningeyubuka
class 1	uyobuka	oyobuka	eyobuka	akayubuka	ongeyubuka	engeyubuka
class 2	bayobuka	abayobuka	beyobuka	abayubuka	abangeyubuka	bengeyubuka
class 3	uyobuka	oyobuka	uyobuka	awuyubuka	ongeyubuka	ungeyubuka
class 4	iyobuka	eyobuka	iyobuka	ayiyubuka	engeyubuka	ingeyubuka
class 5	liyobuka	eliyobuka	liyobuka	aliyubuka	elingeyubuka	lingeyubuka
class 6	ayobuka	ayobuka	eyobuka	awayubuka	angeyubuka	engeyubuka
class 7	siyobuka	esiyobuka	siyobuka	asiyubuka	esingeyubuka	singeyubuka
class 8	ziyobuka	eziyobuka	ziyobuka	aziyubuka	ezingeyubuka	zingeyubuka
class 9	iyobuka	eyobuka	iyobuka	ayiyubuka	engeyubuka	ingeyubuka
class 10	ziyobuka	eziyobuka	ziyobuka	aziyubuka	ezingeyubuka	zingeyubuka
class 11	luyobuka	oluyobuka	luyobuka	aluyubuka	olungeyubuka	lungeyubuka
class 14	buyobuka	obuyobuka	buyobuka	abuyubuka	obungeyubuka	bungeyubuka
class 15	kuyobuka	okuyobuka	kuyobuka	akuyubuka	okungeyubuka	kungeyubuka
class 17	kuyobuka	okuyobuka	kuyobuka	akuyubuka	okungeyubuka	kungeyubuka
present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngibuke	ngingabuki
2nd singular	ubuke	ungabuki
1st plural	sibuke	singabuki
2nd plural	nibuke	ningabuki
class 1	abuke	angabuki
class 2	babuke	bangabuki
class 3	ubuke	ungabuki
class 4	ibuke	ingabuki
class 5	libuke	lingabuki
class 6	abuke	angabuki
class 7	sibuke	singabuki
class 8	zibuke	zingabuki
class 9	ibuke	ingabuki
class 10	zibuke	zingabuki
class 11	lubuke	lungabuki
class 14	bubuke	bungabuki
class 15	kubuke	kungabuki
class 17	kubuke	kungabuki
past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngabuka	ngangabuka, angabuka, angangabuka
2nd singular	wabuka	wangabuka, awabuka, awangabuka
1st plural	sabuka	sangabuka, asabuka, asangabuka
2nd plural	nabuka	nangabuka, anabuka, anangabuka
class 1	wabuka	wangabuka, akabuka, akangabuka
class 2	babuka	bangabuka, ababuka, abangabuka
class 3	wabuka	wangabuka, awabuka, awangabuka
class 4	yabuka	yangabuka, ayabuka, ayangabuka
class 5	labuka	langabuka, alabuka, alangabuka
class 6	abuka	angabuka, awabuka, awangabuka
class 7	sabuka	sangabuka, asabuka, asangabuka
class 8	zabuka	zangabuka, azabuka, azangabuka
class 9	yabuka	yangabuka, ayabuka, ayangabuka
class 10	zabuka	zangabuka, azabuka, azangabuka
class 11	lwabuka	lwangabuka, alwabuka, alwangabuka
class 14	babuka	bangabuka, ababuka, abangabuka
class 15	kwabuka	kwangabuka, akwabuka, akwangabuka
class 17	kwabuka	kwangabuka, akwabuka, akwangabuka

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ɓuka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ɓuka (3.9)”