augt

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Latvian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *augtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to increase, to become many”). Cognates include Lithuanian áugti, Old Prussian auginnons (“having raised”) (cf. Latvian audzināt), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (aukan, “to increase, to grow”), Old Norse auka (“to increase”), Sanskrit उग्र (ugrá, “mighty, powerful”), Avestan 𐬎𐬔𐬭𐬀 (ugra, “strong”), Ancient Greek αὐξάνω (auxánō, “to increase, to make grow”), Latin augeō (“to raise, to increase”).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [âwkt]
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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augt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present augu, audz, aug, past augu)

  1. to grow (to become bigger as a result of normal biological development)
    augošs bērns ― growing child
    ozols aug lēnām ― the oak tree grows slowly
    pārstāt augt ― to stop growing
    labā zemē labība aug kupli ― in good earth, the corn grows thick
    bārda, mati aug ― beard, hair grows
    kazlēnam aug ragi ― the goat kid is growing horns (lit. horns are growing to the goat kid)
    mācies, liels un gudrs audz, lai reiz dzīve sasniedz daudz ― learn, grow big and wise, so that in life you'll achieve a lot
  2. to grow (to spend one's childhood and/or adolescence)
    augt bez mātes ― to grow without a mother
    zēni auga uz laukiem ― the boys grew in the fields
    meitene aug bērnu namā ― the girl is growing in an orphanage
  3. to grow, to mature, to grow into (to become bigger, stronger, to become (something) as a result of the growing process)
    augt par krietnu cilvēku ― to grow into a decent, honest person
  4. (of plants; usually 3rd person) to grow (to be found, to live, to exist)
    magnolias aug dienvidos ― magnolias grow in the south
    melnalkšņi aug mitrās vietās ― black alders grow in humid, damp areas
    avenes aug puduros ― raspberries grow in clusters
    gailenes aug pa vairākam kopā, it kā izsētas ― chanterelle mushrooms grow several together, as if (they had been) sown
    Jorens pabrīnās, ka te pašā piekrastē var augt tik liels dārzs ― Jorens was surprised (to see) that there, on the coast, such a big garden could grow
  5. to grow (to increase in size or number; to develop, to become better, to spread wider)
    rūpniecība aug ― the industry is growing
    aug pilsētas ― the cities are growing
    tautas ienākumi aug ― people's income is growing
    aug grāmatu lāsītāju skaits ― the number of book readers is growing
    ēnas aug ― the shadows are growing
    diena aug ― the day is growing (= becoming longer)
    viņam šķita, ka spēki aug kā senās jaunības dienās ― it seemed to him that his strength was growing as in the days of (his) youth
  6. (of feelings; usually 3rd person) to grow (to become stronger, more intense)
    aug cerība ― hope is growing
    aug pašapziņa ― (one's) self-confidence is growing
    aug interese ― interest is growing
    aug naids ― hatred is growing
    augošas bažas ― growing concern
    Andriksona izsalkums auga, līdz ar to viņa saīgums ― Andriksons' hunger grew and with it his grumpiness, peevishness
  7. to grow, to develop (to strengthen one's skills, talents, to broaden one's horizons, one's knowledge)
    'augošs zinātnieks ― a growing, developing scientist
    teātris aug līdzi dzīvei ― theater grows together with (= accompanying the course of) life
    plašā lasītāju saime un kritika spēj palīdzēt rakstniekiem straujāk augt un pilnveidoties ― a wide readership and criticism can help a writer grow more rapidly and realize his/her potential
  8. (of skin infections, infected areas of the body) to grow, to swell (to fill up with pus; to spread over the skin)
    augonis aug ― the boil is growing, swelling
    viņam aug pirksts ― his finger is growing, swelling
    sāk kāja augt ― the leg began to grow, swell
    bērnam aug bakas ― smallpox is growing (= spreading) on the child

Conjugation

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conjugation of augt
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) IMPERATIVE
(pavēles izteiksme)
Present
(tagadne) 		Past
(pagātne) 		Future
(nākotne)
1st pers. sg. es augu augu augšu —
2nd pers. sg. tu audz augi augsi audz
3rd pers. sg. viņš, viņa aug auga augs lai aug
1st pers. pl. mēs augam augām augsim augsim
2nd pers. pl. jūs augat augāt augsiet,
augsit 		audziet
3rd pers. pl. viņi, viņas aug auga augs lai aug
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present augot Present Active 1 (Adj.) augošs
Past esot audzis Present Active 2 (Adv.) augdams
Future augšot Present Active 3 (Adv.) augot
Imperative lai augot Present Active 4 (Obj.) augam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) Past Active audzis
Present augtu Present Passive augams
Past būtu audzis Past Passive augts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative (būt) jāaug Infinitive (nenoteiksme) augt
Conjunctive 1 esot jāaug Negative Infinitive neaugt
Conjunctive 2 jāaugot Verbal noun augšana

Derived terms

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prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:
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References

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  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “augt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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