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Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject | weak (direct object) | weak (indirect object) | possessive | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | proclitic | enclitic | proclitic | enclitic | ||||
1st person | jo, mi3 | em, m’ | [[-me]], ’m | em, m’ | [[-me]], ’m | meu | ||
1st person majestic1 | nós | ens | [[-nos]], ’ns | ens | [[-nos]], ’ns | nostre | ||
2nd person | tu | et, t’ | [[-te]], ’t | et, t’ | [[-te]], ’t | teu | ||
2nd person formal1 | vós | us | [[-vos]], [[-us]] | us | [[-vos]], [[-us]] | vostre | ||
2nd person very formal2 | vostè | el, l’ | [[-lo]], ’l | li | [[-li]] | seu | ||
3rd person masculine | ell | el, l’ | [[-lo]], ’l | li | [[-li]] | seu | ||
3rd person feminine | ella | la, l’4 | [[-la]] | li | [[-li]] | seu | ||
3rd person neuter | ho | [[-ho]] | li | [[-li]] | seu | |||
3rd person reflexive | si | es, s’ | [[-se]], ’s | es, s’ | [[-se]], ’s | seu | ||
plural | ||||||||
1st person | nosaltres | ens | [[-nos]], ’ns | ens | [[-nos]], ’ns | nostre | ||
2nd person | vosaltres | us | [[-vos]], [[-us]] | us | [[-vos]], [[-us]] | vostre | ||
2nd person formal2 | vostès | els | [[-los]], ’ls | els | [[-los]], ’ls | seu | ||
3rd person masculine | ells | els | [[-los]], ’ls | els | [[-los]], ’ls | seu | ||
3rd person feminine | elles | les | [[-les]] | els | [[-los]], ’ls | seu | ||
3rd person reflexive | si | es, s’ | [[-se]], ’s | es, s’ | [[-se]], ’s | seu | ||
adverbial | ||||||||
ablative/genitive | en, n’ | [[-ne]], ’n | ||||||
locative | hi | [[-hi]] | ||||||
1) Behaves grammatically as plural. 2) Behaves grammatically as third person. |
3) Only as object of a preposition. 4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-. |
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