impleo

Latin

Alternative forms

inpleō

Etymology

From in- +‎ pleō.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈim.ple.oː/, [ˈɪmpɫ̪eoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈim.ple.o/, [ˈimpleo]

Verb

impleō (present infinitive implēre, perfect active implēvī, supine implētum); second conjugation

to fill up or with, fill fully; cover, fulfill. (+ genitive, ablative, or accusative case)
Synonyms: expleō, repleō, suppleō, cumulō, compleō, stīpō, imbuō

Antonyms: exhauriō, dēpleō, dēfundō

alicuius rei implere ― to fill with something
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.30:
  Sīc effāta, sinum lacrimīs implēvit obortīs.
  Having spoken in this way, she filled her bosom with the tears which had arisen.
  (In other words, despite having just stated her resolve, Dido is now crying profusely.)
to satisfy, satiate
to make fat or fleshy, fill, fatten
to make pregnant, impregnate
to amount or fill up to
to fill up, take up
(figuratively) to complete, finish, fulfill, execute, end
Synonyms: perficiō, cōnficiō, absolvō, conclūdō, condō, agō, expleō, efficiō, patrō, cumulō, nāvō, exsequor, dēfungor, fungor, perpetrō, trānsigō, gerō, peragō, claudō, inclūdō, exhauriō
to perform an office, represent one’s post

Conjugation

Conjugation of impleō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	impleō	implēs	implet	implēmus	implētis	implent
	imperfect	implēbam	implēbās	implēbat	implēbāmus	implēbātis	implēbant
	future	implēbō	implēbis	implēbit	implēbimus	implēbitis	implēbunt
	perfect	implēvī	implēvistī, implēstī¹	implēvit, implēt¹	implēvimus, implēmus¹	implēvistis, implēstis¹	implēvērunt, implērunt, implēvēre¹
	pluperfect	implēveram, implēram¹	implēverās, implērās¹	implēverat, implērat¹	implēverāmus, implērāmus¹	implēverātis, implērātis¹	implēverant, implērant¹
	future perfect	implēverō, implērō¹	implēveris, implēris¹	implēverit, implērit¹	implēverimus, implērimus¹	implēveritis, implēritis¹	implēverint, implērint¹
passive	present	impleor	implēris, implēre	implētur	implēmur	implēminī	implentur
	imperfect	implēbar	implēbāris, implēbāre	implēbātur	implēbāmur	implēbāminī	implēbantur
	future	implēbor	implēberis, implēbere	implēbitur	implēbimur	implēbiminī	implēbuntur
	perfect	implētus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	implētus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	implētus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	impleam	impleās	impleat	impleāmus	impleātis	impleant
	imperfect	implērem	implērēs	implēret	implērēmus	implērētis	implērent
	perfect	implēverim, implērim¹	implēverīs, implērīs¹	implēverit, implērit¹	implēverīmus, implērīmus¹	implēverītis, implērītis¹	implēverint, implērint¹
	pluperfect	implēvissem, implēssem¹	implēvissēs, implēssēs¹	implēvisset, implēsset¹	implēvissēmus, implēssēmus¹	implēvissētis, implēssētis¹	implēvissent, implēssent¹
passive	present	implear	impleāris, impleāre	impleātur	impleāmur	impleāminī	impleantur
	imperfect	implērer	implērēris, implērēre	implērētur	implērēmur	implērēminī	implērentur
	perfect	implētus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	implētus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	implē	—	—	implēte	—
active	future	—	implētō	implētō	—	implētōte	implentō
passive	present	—	implēre	—	—	implēminī	—
passive	future	—	implētor	implētor	—	—	implentor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		implēre	implēvisse, implēsse¹	implētūrum esse	implērī	implētum esse	implētum īrī
participles		implēns	—	implētūrus	—	implētus	implendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		implendī	implendō	implendum	implendō	implētum	implētū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: umpleari
- Romanian: umplea, împlea
Dalmatian:
- emplar
Ibero-Romance: (may also reflect *implĕre)
- Asturian: encher, incher
- Galician: encher
- Portuguese: encher
Borrowings:
- → English: implete (rare)

Reflexes of an assumed variant *implĕre:

Balkan Romance:
- Romanian: umple, împle
Italo-Romance:
- Italian: émpiere
- Neapolitan: enchiere (Taranto)
- Sicilian: jìnchiri
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: ùmprere

Reflexes of an assumed variant *implīre:^[1]

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: umpliri
Italo-Romance:
- Italian: empìre
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: ump(r)ìre, -i
North Italian:
- Emilian: inpir
- ⇒? Friulian: jemplâ
- Ligurian: impî
- Lombard: limpì
- Piedmontese: ampî
- Romansch: implir
- Venetan: inpir
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: omplir, emplir (western)
- French: emplir
- Occitan: emplir
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: emplir
- Asturian: inchir
- Galician: fenchir
- Mirandese: anchir
- Old Spanish: enchir, fenchir
  - Ladino: inchir
  - Spanish: henchir

References

Alkire, Ti, Rosen, Carol (2010) Romance Languages: A Historical Introduction, University of Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, page 106
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “ĭmplēre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 4: G H I, page 593

^ Grandgent, Charles Hall (1907) An Introduction to Vulgar Latin (Heath's Modern Language Series), D. C. Heath & Company, page 167