pleo

See also: pleo-

Latin

Etymology

Exists only as a bound morpheme in prefixed verbs, where it continues Proto-Italic *plēō, from earlier *plējō, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-ye-ti, a yé-present innovatively formed to the aorist stem of Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”). Compare Russian -по́лнить (-pólnitʹ), a cognate with the same meaning that likewise does not occur uncompounded.

Verb

pleō (present infinitive plēre, perfect active plēvī, supine plētum); second conjugation

1. Combining form used to form prefixed verbs with the approximate meaning "to fill".
   • ca. 500, Pompeius, In artem Donati p. 240 l.34:

     […] est <etiam> conpositum quod nōn potest fierī simplex, ut conpleō: nēmō potest dīcere pleō.

     it's likewise a compound when it cannot be used on its own, such as complete: one can't say plete.

   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:pleo.

Conjugation

Only one form, plendī (CIL 2.6278.38), is attested in Classical Latin without a prefix outside of grammarians. (Festus p.230M) also cites plentur without attribution.

   Conjugation of pleō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	pleō		plēs		plet		plēmus		plētis		plent
	imperfect	plēbam		plēbās		plēbat		plēbāmus		plēbātis		plēbant
	future	plēbō		plēbis		plēbit		plēbimus		plēbitis		plēbunt
	perfect	plēvī		plēvistī		plēvit		plēvimus		plēvistis		plēvērunt, plēvēre
	pluperfect	plēveram		plēverās		plēverat		plēverāmus		plēverātis		plēverant
	future perfect	plēverō		plēveris		plēverit		plēverimus		plēveritis		plēverint
passive	present	pleor		plēris, plēre		plētur		plēmur		plēminī		plentur
	imperfect	plēbar		plēbāris, plēbāre		plēbātur		plēbāmur		plēbāminī		plēbantur
	future	plēbor		plēberis, plēbere		plēbitur		plēbimur		plēbiminī		plēbuntur
	perfect	plētus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	plētus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	plētus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	pleam		pleās		pleat		pleāmus		pleātis		pleant
	imperfect	plērem		plērēs		plēret		plērēmus		plērētis		plērent
	perfect	plēverim		plēverīs		plēverit		plēverīmus		plēverītis		plēverint
	pluperfect	plēvissem		plēvissēs		plēvisset		plēvissēmus		plēvissētis		plēvissent
passive	present	plear		pleāris, pleāre		pleātur		pleāmur		pleāminī		pleantur
	imperfect	plērer		plērēris, plērēre		plērētur		plērēmur		plērēminī		plērentur
	perfect	plētus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	plētus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		plē		—		—		plēte		—
	future	—		plētō		plētō		—		plētōte		plentō
passive	present	—		plēre		—		—		plēminī		—
	future	—		plētor		plētor		—		—		plentor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		plēre			plērī			plēns			—
future		plētūrum esse			plētum īrī			plētūrus			plendus
perfect		plēvisse			plētum esse			—			plētus
future perfect		—			plētum fore			—			—
perfect potential		plētūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		plendī		plendō		plendum		plendō		plētum		plētū

Derived terms

• compleō
• dēpleō
• expleō
• impleō
• oppleō
• repleō
• suppleō

Related terms

• manipulus
• plēbs
• plēnus
• plērus
• populus
• -plus

References

• “pleō” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
• “pleō” on page 1530 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• “pleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• pleo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ple͜oː/

Noun

plēo

1. dative singular of pleoh