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-nta

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: nta, ntâ, NTA, and -ntä

Finnish

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *-nta, from Proto-Uralic *-nta. Related to Karelian -nta, Livvi -ndu and Veps -nd, as well as to Estonian -nd, possibly borrowed from Finnish.

Suffix

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-nta (front vowel harmony variant -ntä, linguistic notation -ntA)

  1. Forms nouns that describe an action.
    toimia (to act) + ‎-nta → ‎toiminta (action)
    ampua (to shoot) + ‎-nta → ‎ammunta (shooting)
    lääkitä (to medicate) + ‎-nta → ‎lääkintä (medication)
Declension
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Inflection of -nta (Kotus type 9*J/kala, nt-nn gradation)
nominative -nta -nnat
genitive -nnan -ntojen
partitive -ntaa -ntoja
illative -ntaan -ntoihin
singular plural
nominative -nta -nnat
accusative nom. -nta -nnat
gen. -nnan
genitive -nnan -ntojen
-ntain rare
partitive -ntaa -ntoja
inessive -nnassa -nnoissa
elative -nnasta -nnoista
illative -ntaan -ntoihin
adessive -nnalla -nnoilla
ablative -nnalta -nnoilta
allative -nnalle -nnoille
essive -ntana -ntoina
translative -nnaksi -nnoiksi
abessive -nnatta -nnoitta
instructive -nnoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of -nta (Kotus type 9*J/kala, nt-nn gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntani -ntani
accusative nom. -ntani -ntani
gen. -ntani
genitive -ntani -ntojeni
-ntaini rare
partitive -ntaani -ntojani
inessive -nnassani -nnoissani
elative -nnastani -nnoistani
illative -ntaani -ntoihini
adessive -nnallani -nnoillani
ablative -nnaltani -nnoiltani
allative -nnalleni -nnoilleni
essive -ntanani -ntoinani
translative -nnakseni -nnoikseni
abessive -nnattani -nnoittani
instructive
comitative -ntoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntasi -ntasi
accusative nom. -ntasi -ntasi
gen. -ntasi
genitive -ntasi -ntojesi
-ntaisi rare
partitive -ntaasi -ntojasi
inessive -nnassasi -nnoissasi
elative -nnastasi -nnoistasi
illative -ntaasi -ntoihisi
adessive -nnallasi -nnoillasi
ablative -nnaltasi -nnoiltasi
allative -nnallesi -nnoillesi
essive -ntanasi -ntoinasi
translative -nnaksesi -nnoiksesi
abessive -nnattasi -nnoittasi
instructive
comitative -ntoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntamme -ntamme
accusative nom. -ntamme -ntamme
gen. -ntamme
genitive -ntamme -ntojemme
-ntaimme rare
partitive -ntaamme -ntojamme
inessive -nnassamme -nnoissamme
elative -nnastamme -nnoistamme
illative -ntaamme -ntoihimme
adessive -nnallamme -nnoillamme
ablative -nnaltamme -nnoiltamme
allative -nnallemme -nnoillemme
essive -ntanamme -ntoinamme
translative -nnaksemme -nnoiksemme
abessive -nnattamme -nnoittamme
instructive
comitative -ntoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntanne -ntanne
accusative nom. -ntanne -ntanne
gen. -ntanne
genitive -ntanne -ntojenne
-ntainne rare
partitive -ntaanne -ntojanne
inessive -nnassanne -nnoissanne
elative -nnastanne -nnoistanne
illative -ntaanne -ntoihinne
adessive -nnallanne -nnoillanne
ablative -nnaltanne -nnoiltanne
allative -nnallenne -nnoillenne
essive -ntananne -ntoinanne
translative -nnaksenne -nnoiksenne
abessive -nnattanne -nnoittanne
instructive
comitative -ntoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntansa -ntansa
accusative nom. -ntansa -ntansa
gen. -ntansa
genitive -ntansa -ntojensa
-ntainsa rare
partitive -ntaansa -ntojaan
-ntojansa
inessive -nnassaan
-nnassansa
-nnoissaan
-nnoissansa
elative -nnastaan
-nnastansa
-nnoistaan
-nnoistansa
illative -ntaansa -ntoihinsa
adessive -nnallaan
-nnallansa
-nnoillaan
-nnoillansa
ablative -nnaltaan
-nnaltansa
-nnoiltaan
-nnoiltansa
allative -nnalleen
-nnallensa
-nnoilleen
-nnoillensa
essive -ntanaan
-ntanansa
-ntoinaan
-ntoinansa
translative -nnakseen
-nnaksensa
-nnoikseen
-nnoiksensa
abessive -nnattaan
-nnattansa
-nnoittaan
-nnoittansa
instructive
comitative -ntoineen
-ntoinensa
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Proto-Finnic *-nta, equal to -na (essive suffix) + -ta (partitive suffix, from Uralic ablative). Cognate with Estonian -nt and Ingrian -nt.

Suffix

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-nta (front vowel harmony variant -ntä, linguistic notation -ntA) (dialectal, nonstandard)

  1. Forms the exessive case.
    erota presidentintäto resign from being a president
Usage notes
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  • The exessive case is not part of the standard language and is only found in dialects.
  • The suffix is appended to the same stem as the ablative suffix.

Etymology 3

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From Proto-Finnic *-nta.

Suffix

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-nta (front vowel harmony variant -ntä, linguistic notation -ntA) (rare)

  1. (non-productive) Forms certain nouns, mainly for people.
Declension
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Inflection of -nta (Kotus type 9*J/kala, nt-nn gradation)
nominative -nta -nnat
genitive -nnan -ntojen
partitive -ntaa -ntoja
illative -ntaan -ntoihin
singular plural
nominative -nta -nnat
accusative nom. -nta -nnat
gen. -nnan
genitive -nnan -ntojen
-ntain rare
partitive -ntaa -ntoja
inessive -nnassa -nnoissa
elative -nnasta -nnoista
illative -ntaan -ntoihin
adessive -nnalla -nnoilla
ablative -nnalta -nnoilta
allative -nnalle -nnoille
essive -ntana -ntoina
translative -nnaksi -nnoiksi
abessive -nnatta -nnoitta
instructive -nnoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of -nta (Kotus type 9*J/kala, nt-nn gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntani -ntani
accusative nom. -ntani -ntani
gen. -ntani
genitive -ntani -ntojeni
-ntaini rare
partitive -ntaani -ntojani
inessive -nnassani -nnoissani
elative -nnastani -nnoistani
illative -ntaani -ntoihini
adessive -nnallani -nnoillani
ablative -nnaltani -nnoiltani
allative -nnalleni -nnoilleni
essive -ntanani -ntoinani
translative -nnakseni -nnoikseni
abessive -nnattani -nnoittani
instructive
comitative -ntoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntasi -ntasi
accusative nom. -ntasi -ntasi
gen. -ntasi
genitive -ntasi -ntojesi
-ntaisi rare
partitive -ntaasi -ntojasi
inessive -nnassasi -nnoissasi
elative -nnastasi -nnoistasi
illative -ntaasi -ntoihisi
adessive -nnallasi -nnoillasi
ablative -nnaltasi -nnoiltasi
allative -nnallesi -nnoillesi
essive -ntanasi -ntoinasi
translative -nnaksesi -nnoiksesi
abessive -nnattasi -nnoittasi
instructive
comitative -ntoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntamme -ntamme
accusative nom. -ntamme -ntamme
gen. -ntamme
genitive -ntamme -ntojemme
-ntaimme rare
partitive -ntaamme -ntojamme
inessive -nnassamme -nnoissamme
elative -nnastamme -nnoistamme
illative -ntaamme -ntoihimme
adessive -nnallamme -nnoillamme
ablative -nnaltamme -nnoiltamme
allative -nnallemme -nnoillemme
essive -ntanamme -ntoinamme
translative -nnaksemme -nnoiksemme
abessive -nnattamme -nnoittamme
instructive
comitative -ntoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntanne -ntanne
accusative nom. -ntanne -ntanne
gen. -ntanne
genitive -ntanne -ntojenne
-ntainne rare
partitive -ntaanne -ntojanne
inessive -nnassanne -nnoissanne
elative -nnastanne -nnoistanne
illative -ntaanne -ntoihinne
adessive -nnallanne -nnoillanne
ablative -nnaltanne -nnoiltanne
allative -nnallenne -nnoillenne
essive -ntananne -ntoinanne
translative -nnaksenne -nnoiksenne
abessive -nnattanne -nnoittanne
instructive
comitative -ntoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative -ntansa -ntansa
accusative nom. -ntansa -ntansa
gen. -ntansa
genitive -ntansa -ntojensa
-ntainsa rare
partitive -ntaansa -ntojaan
-ntojansa
inessive -nnassaan
-nnassansa
-nnoissaan
-nnoissansa
elative -nnastaan
-nnastansa
-nnoistaan
-nnoistansa
illative -ntaansa -ntoihinsa
adessive -nnallaan
-nnallansa
-nnoillaan
-nnoillansa
ablative -nnaltaan
-nnaltansa
-nnoiltaan
-nnoiltansa
allative -nnalleen
-nnallensa
-nnoilleen
-nnoillensa
essive -ntanaan
-ntanansa
-ntoinaan
-ntoinansa
translative -nnakseen
-nnaksensa
-nnoikseen
-nnoiksensa
abessive -nnattaan
-nnattansa
-nnoittaan
-nnoittansa
instructive
comitative -ntoineen
-ntoinensa
Derived terms
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Pitjantjatjara

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Pronoun

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-nta (second person singular accusative, bound form of nyuntunya)

  1. you (singular, object)

Usage notes

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Bound pronouns can be used instead of the regular "long form" pronouns. They act as clitics that attach to the last word of the first noun phrase in the sentence, or the conjunctions ka or munu if present.