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-dir

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Azerbaijani

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Turkic *tur- (to stand).[1]

Suffix

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preceding vowel
A / I E / Ə / İ O / U Ö / Ü
-dır -dir -dur -dür

-dir

  1. Third-person singular present simple copula (used suppletively in place of *imək):
    1. [he/she/it] is

Etymology 2

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Suffix

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preceding vowel
A / I E / Ə / İ O / U Ö / Ü
-dır -dir -dur -dür

-dir

  1. Causative suffix.[2]
    gəzmək (to walk) + ‎-dir → ‎gəzdirmək (to take out for a walk)
    bilmək (to know) + ‎-dir → ‎bildirmək (to inform)
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ Sevortjan, E. V. (1980) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Nauka, pages 296-301
  2. ^ Шиарлиев, М.Ш.; Севортян, Э. В. (1971) Грамматика азербайджанского языка: (Фонетика, морфология и синтаксис) (p. 109). Баку: "Элм".

Gagauz

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish طورمق (durmaq), ـدر (-dur, -dür), from Proto-Turkic *tur-. Compare Turkish durmak, -dir; Azerbaijani durmaq, -dir; and durmaa.

Suffix

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-dir

  1. (copulative) Third-person singular present simple copula, is
Usage notes
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  • Usually dropped during colloquial speech; mostly used to emphasize.

Etymology 2

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Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *-tur

Suffix

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-dir

  1. forms causative verbs

Further reading

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  • N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “-дир”, in Gagauzsko-Russko-Moldavskij Slovarʹ [Gagauz-Russian-Moldovan Dictionary], Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo Sovetskaja Enciklopedija, →ISBN, page 635

Turkish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Ottoman Turkish ـدر (-dir), from Proto-Turkic *tur- (to stand). Cognate with Turkish durmak (to stand, to stop).

Suffix

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preceding vowel
A / I E / İ O / U Ö / Ü
default -dır -dir -dur -dür
assimilated -tır -tir -tur -tür

-dir

  1. (auxiliary, defective, + noun) is
    Bu benim evimdir.This is my house.

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Turkic *-tur (causative suffix).

Suffix

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preceding vowel
A / I E / İ O / U Ö / Ü
default -dır -dir -dur -dür
assimilated -tır -tir -tur -tür

-dir

  1. Causative suffix.
    gezmek (to walk) + ‎-dir → ‎gezdirmek (to take (one) out for a walk)
    bilmek (to know) + ‎-dir → ‎bildirmek (to inform)