𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *rinnaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrinːan/

Verb

𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 • (rinnan)

1. to run
   • Gothic Bible, Corinthians I, 9.24:

     𐌽𐌹𐌿 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳, 𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌹𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌽? 𐍃𐍅𐌰 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸, 𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸.

     niu wituþ þatei þai in spaurd rinnandans allai rinnand, iþ ains nimiþ sigislaun? swa rinnaiþ, ei garinnaiþ.

     Know ye not that they which run in a race run all, but one receiveth the prize? So run, that ye may obtain.(KJV)

2. to flow

Conjugation

Class 3 strong
Infinitive	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 rinnan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰 rinna	𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽 rann	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰 rinnada
2nd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐍃 rinnis	𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽𐍄 rannt	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌶𐌰 rinnaza
3rd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌸 rinniþ	𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽 rann	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰 rinnada
1st dual	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐍉𐍃 rinnōs	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿 runnu	—
2nd dual	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 rinnats	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍄𐍃 runnuts	—
1st plural	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌼 rinnam	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌼 runnum	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 rinnanda
2nd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌸 rinniþ	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌸 runnuþ	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 rinnanda
3rd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳 rinnand	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌽 runnun	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 rinnanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌿 rinnau	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌿 runnjau	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 rinnaidau
2nd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃 rinnais	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 runneis	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 rinnaizau
3rd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹 rinnai	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌹 runni	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 rinnaidau
1st dual	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 rinnaiwa	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 runneiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 rinnaits	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 runneits	—
1st plural	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 rinnaima	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 runneima	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 rinnaindau
2nd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸 rinnaiþ	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 runneiþ	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 rinnaindau
3rd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 rinnaina	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 runneina	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 rinnaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽 rinn
3rd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 rinnadau
2nd dual	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 rinnats
2nd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌸 rinniþ
3rd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 rinnandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 rinnands	𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 runnans

Derived terms

• 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (andrinnan)
• 𐌰𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (atrinnan)
• 𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (birinnan)
• 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (blōþarinnands)
• 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (garinnan)
• 𐌳𐌿𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (durinnan)
• 𐌿𐌽𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (undrinnan)
• 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (urrinnan)
• 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (fairrinnan)
• 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (faurrinnan)
• 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (frarinnan)

Related terms

• *𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*rannjan)
• 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐍉 (rinnō)

Descendants

• → Latin: haliurunna (uncertain etymology, but possibly from *𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰 (*haljōrunna, “witch, one who travels to the netherworld”))

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 111