𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *birinnaną (“to run around”), equivalent to 𐌱𐌹- (bi-) +‎ 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (rinnan). Cognate with Old High German birinnan, Old Frisian birinna, Old English birinnan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /biˈrinnan/

Verb

𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 • (birinnan)

1. to encircle, come round about, run round about
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 6:55:

     𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌻𐌻 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌼 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽, 𐌸𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐍃 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌹.

     birinnandans all þata gawi dugunnun ana badjam þans ubil habandans bairan, þadei hausidēdun ei is wēsi.

     And ran through that whole region round about, and began to carry about in beds those that were sick, where they heard he was. (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, John 10:24:

     𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌿𐌷 𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐍈𐌰 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌹𐍃? 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌸𐌿 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃, 𐌵𐌹𐌸 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰.

     þanuh birunnun ina iudaieis jah qēþun du imma: und ƕa saiwala unsara hahis? jabai þu sijais xristus, qiþ unsis andaugiba.

     Then came the Jews round about him, and said unto him, How long dost thou make us to doubt? If thou be the Christ, tell us plainly. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 3 strong
Infinitive	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 birinnan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰 birinna	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽 birann	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰 birinnada
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐍃 birinnis	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽𐍄 birannt	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌶𐌰 birinnaza
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌸 birinniþ	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽 birann	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰 birinnada
1st dual	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐍉𐍃 birinnōs	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿 birunnu	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 birinnats	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍄𐍃 birunnuts	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌼 birinnam	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌼 birunnum	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 birinnanda
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌸 birinniþ	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌸 birunnuþ	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 birinnanda
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳 birinnand	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌽 birunnun	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 birinnanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌿 birinnau	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌿 birunnjau	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 birinnaidau
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃 birinnais	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 birunneis	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 birinnaizau
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹 birinnai	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌹 birunni	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 birinnaidau
1st dual	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 birinnaiwa	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 birunneiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 birinnaits	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 birunneits	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 birinnaima	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 birunneima	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 birinnaindau
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸 birinnaiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 birunneiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 birinnaindau
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 birinnaina	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 birunneina	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 birinnaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽 birinn
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 birinnadau
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 birinnats
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌸 birinniþ
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 birinnandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 birinnands	𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 birunnans

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 111