轎

See also: 轿

轎 U+8F4E, 轎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F4E ← 轍 [U+8F4D] CJK Unified Ideographs 轏 → [U+8F4F]

Translingual

Han character

轎 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 十十竹大月 (JJHKB), four-corner 5202₇, composition ⿰車喬)

Derived characters

• 𡅫, 𥍑

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1248, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38532
• Dae Jaweon: page 1727, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3556, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8F4E

Chinese

trad.		轎
simp.		轿

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (喬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
驕	*krew
嬌	*krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew
憍	*krew, *kʰrew
穚	*krew
鷮	*krew, *ɡrew
蕎	*krew, *ɡrew
喬	*krew, *ɡrew
簥	*krew
撟	*krew, *krewʔ
矯	*krewʔ
鱎	*krewʔ
敽	*krewʔ
蟜	*krewʔ, *ɡrew
譑	*krewʔ, *kʰews
蹻	*krewʔ, *kʰew, *ɡrew, *kewɢ, *ɡewɢ
繑	*kʰew
鞽	*kʰrew
趫	*kʰrew, *ɡrew
嘺	*ɡew
橋	*ɡrew
僑	*ɡrew
鐈	*ɡrew
毊	*ɡrew, *qʰrew
轎	*ɡrew, *ɡrews
嶠	*ɡrews
獢	*qʰrew
屩	*kewɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrew, *ɡrews) : semantic 車 + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jiào (jiao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiao⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): giu⁶ / giu^6-2 / kiu⁴ / kiu^4-2

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): giau⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): qieu⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khieu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kiau⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): jiau³
• Northern Min (KCR): giāu
• Eastern Min (BUC): giêu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kiāu / kiō / kiau

  (Teochew, Peng'im): giê⁷ / gio⁷

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶jiau
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jiau⁴ / jiau⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiào
    • Wade–Giles: chiao⁴
    • Yale: jyàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaw
    • Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: jiao⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giao
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiau²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: giu⁶ / giu^6-2 / kiu⁴ / kiu^4-2
    • Yale: giuh / gíu / kìuh / kíu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: giu⁶ / giu^6-2 / kiu⁴ / kiu^4-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: giu⁶ / giu^6-2 / kiu⁴ / kiu^4-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːu̯²²/, /kiːu̯²²⁻³⁵/, /kʰiːu̯²¹/, /kʰiːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: giau⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiau³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: qieu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiɛu¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khieu
    • Hakka Romanization System: kieu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kieu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯eu̯⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kiau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰiau⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jiau³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiau⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: giāu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiau⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: giêu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiɛu²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiāu
    • Tâi-lô: kiāu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiau
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiau²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiau³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiau⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiō
    • Tâi-lô: kiō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kioi
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kio²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kio⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kio³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɤ³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiau
    • Tâi-lô: kiau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiaw
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiau⁴⁴/

Note:

• kiāu - literary;
• kiō - vernacular;
• kiau - colloquial.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: giê⁷ / gio⁷
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiē / kiō
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kie¹¹/, /kio¹¹/

Note:

• giê7 - Chaozhou;
• gio7 - Shantou.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶jiau
    • MiniDict: jiau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jjiau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑiɔ²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: jiau⁴ / jiau⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɒu̯⁴⁵/, /t͡ɕi̯ɒu̯²¹/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 轎
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕiɑu⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕiau⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕiɑu⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiɔ²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕiɔ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕiau³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiau⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕiɔ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕiɔ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕiɔ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiɔ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕiau³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕiau¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕiao²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕiɔ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕiɔo⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiau⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiɔ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/d͡ʑiɔ²³/
	Suzhou	/d͡ʑiæ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ʑiɔ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡ʑiɛ²²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰiɔ²²/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕio⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕiau⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕiau¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/d͡ʑiaɯ⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰiɛu²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰiau⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/kʰeu⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kiu³⁵/
	Nanning	/kiu²²/
	Hong Kong	/kiu³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kiau²²/ /kio²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kiɛu²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kiau⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kio³¹/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/kio²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: gjew, gjewH

Rime
Character	轎	轎
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	宵 (92)	宵 (92)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	巨嬌切	渠廟切
Baxter	gjew	gjewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiᴇu/	/ɡˠiᴇuH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚiɛu/	/ɡᵚiɛuH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiæu/	/ɡiæuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/giaw/	/giawH/
Li Rong	/ɡjɛu/	/ɡjɛuH/
Wang Li	/ɡĭɛu/	/ɡĭɛuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯ɛu/	/gi̯ɛuH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiáo	jiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kiu4	giu6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrew/, /*ɡrews/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	轎	轎
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10358	10362
Phonetic component	喬	喬
Rime group	宵	宵
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	喬	嶠
Old Chinese	/*ɡrew/	/*ɡrews/
Notes	見漢書	見漢書

Definitions

轎

1. bamboo carriage
2. sedan chair; palanquin (Classifier: 頂／顶 c)

   來人啊，備轎！／来人啊，备轿！  ―  Láirén a, bèi jiào!  ―  Men, get my palanquin ready!

Compounds

• 兜轎 / 兜轿
• 八人轎 / 八人轿
• 八抬轎 / 八抬轿
• 坐轎 / 坐轿
• 壓轎 / 压轿
• 女轎 / 女轿
• 寶轎 / 宝轿
• 小轎 / 小轿
• 山轎 / 山轿
• 彩轎 / 彩轿 (cǎijiào)
• 打轎 / 打轿
• 抬轎 / 抬轿 (táijiào)
• 抬轎子 / 抬轿子
• 暖轎 / 暖轿
• 犁轎 / 犁轿
• 發轎 / 发轿
• 看轎 / 看轿
• 神轎 / 神轿 (shénjiào)
• 舁轎 / 舁轿
• 花轎 / 花轿 (huājiào)
• 起轎 / 起轿
• 軟轎 / 软轿
• 轎夫 / 轿夫 (jiàofū)
• 轎子 / 轿子 (jiàozi)
• 轎廳 / 轿厅
• 轎車 / 轿车 (jiàochē)
• 馱轎 / 驮轿
• 騾轎 / 骡轿
• 騾馱轎 / 骡驮轿
• 魂轎 / 魂轿

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (轎):

• → Vietnamese: kiệu (轎)

Others:

• → Indonesian: kio (“palanquin”)
• → Thai: เกี้ยว (gîao)
• → Zhuang: giuh

References

• “轎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “Query for 轎”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji

轎

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. palanquin
2. litter

Readings

• On (unclassified): きょう (kyō)
• Kun: かご (kago)、やまかご (yamakago)

Korean

Hanja

轎 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)

1. palanquin
2. sedan chair

Vietnamese

Han character

轎: Hán Nôm readings: kiệu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.