載書

Chinese

		record	writing
trad. (載書)		載	書
simp. (载书)		载	书

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zàishū

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄞˋ ㄕㄨ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zàishū
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄞˋ ㄕㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zàishu
    • Wade–Giles: tsai⁴-shu¹
    • Yale: dzài-shū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzayshu
    • Palladius: цзайшу (czajšu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: tsojH syo

Rime
Character	載	書
Reading #	2/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	作代切	傷魚切
Baxter	tsojH	syo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʌiH/	/ɕɨʌ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səiH/	/ɕiɔ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɒiH/	/ɕiɔ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səjH/	/ɕɨə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡sᴀiH/	/ɕiɔ/
Wang Li	/t͡sɒiH/	/ɕĭo/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sɑ̆iH/	/ɕi̯wo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zài	shū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoi3	syu1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤə[ʔ]-s  s-ta/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯːs  hlja/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	載	書
Reading #	3/4	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zài	shū
Middle Chinese	‹ tsojH ›	‹ syo ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁə[ʔ]-s/	/*s-ta/
English	record (v.)	write
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	載	書
Reading #	2/3	1/1
No.	16493	17013
Phonetic component	𢦏	者
Rime group	之	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	載	書
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯːs/	/*hlja/

Noun

載書

1. (historical or literary) treaty; written records of agreement; covenant

   • 晉士莊子為載書，曰：「自今日既盟之後，鄭國而不唯晉命是聽，而或有異志者，有如此盟。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     晋士庄子为载书，曰：「自今日既盟之后，郑国而不唯晋命是听，而或有异志者，有如此盟。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jìn Shì Zhuāngzǐ wéi zàishū, yuē: “Zì jīnrì jìméng zhīhòu, Zhèngguó ér bù wéi Jìnmìng shì tīng, ér huòyǒu yìzhì zhě, yǒurú cǐméng.” [Pinyin]

     Lord Zhuang of Shi of Jin, drafting the treaty, said: "Starting from the conclusion of the convention today, should Zheng fail to follow the commands of the Jin — and only those of the Jin — to the letter, or should anyone from the Zheng ever entertain the slightest intention of betrayal, they shall meet the same fate as that of this sacrifice animal."