販

See also: 贩

販 U+8CA9, 販 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CA9 ← 貨 [U+8CA8] CJK Unified Ideographs 貪 → [U+8CAA]

Translingual

Han character

販 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月金竹水 (BCHE), four-corner 6184₇, composition ⿰貝反)

Derived characters

• 𢴔

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1205, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36679
• Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3627, character 5
• Unihan data for U+8CA9

Chinese

trad.		販
simp.		贩

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 販
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
扳	*praːn, *pʰraːn
板	*praːnʔ
版	*praːnʔ
瓪	*praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄	*praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑	*praːnʔ
蝂	*praːnʔ
眅	*pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪	*braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬	*braːnʔ
粄	*paːnʔ
反	*panʔ, *pʰan
返	*panʔ
坂	*panʔ
畈	*pans
販	*pans
汳	*pʰans
飯	*bonʔ, *bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pans) : semantic 貝 (“cowry”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Etymology

The exoactive of 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan, “to return, lit. "to make someone return"”) (Schuessler, 2007).

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *par (“to trade; to buy; to sell”), from which Tibetan ཕར (phar, “interest (on money); exchange”) is derived.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faan³ / faan⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fan
• Eastern Min (BUC): huáng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phòaⁿ / hoàn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huang³ / huêng³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵fe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
    • Wade–Giles: fan⁴
    • Yale: fàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
    • Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: faan³ / faan⁵
    • Yale: faan / fáahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan³ / faan⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan³ / fan⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn³³/, /faːn¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
    • Hakka Romanization System: fan
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fan⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huɑŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòaⁿ / hoàn
    • Tâi-lô: phuànn / huàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phvoax, hoaxn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰuã⁴¹/, /huan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰuã¹¹/, /huan¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/

Note:

• phòaⁿ - vernacular (“to sell wholesale; to imitate rigidly”);
• hoàn - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: huang³ / huêng³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàng / huèng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ²¹³/, /hueŋ²¹³/

Note:

• huang3 - Shantou;
• huêng3 - Chaozhou.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵fe
    • MiniDict: fe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fe³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjonH

Rime
Character	販
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方願切
Baxter	pjonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉɐnH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷiɐnH/
Shao Rongfen	/piuɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puanH/
Li Rong	/piuɐnH/
Wang Li	/pĭwɐnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯wɐnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pans/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	販
Reading #	1/1
No.	2973
Phonetic component	反
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	販
Old Chinese	/*pans/

Definitions

販

1. to deal in; to trade in; to traffic
2. peddler; hawker; trader; monger; street merchant
3. (Hokkien) to sell wholesale
4. (Mainland China Hokkien) to imitate rigidly; to follow closely

Compounds

• 人口販子 / 人口贩子
• 人販子 / 人贩子 (rénfànzi)
• 商販 / 商贩 (shāngfàn)
• 報販 / 报贩 (bàofàn)
• 小販 / 小贩 (xiǎofàn)
• 屠販 / 屠贩
• 山林屠販 / 山林屠贩
• 攤販 / 摊贩 (tānfàn)
• 流動攤販 / 流动摊贩
• 營販 / 营贩
• 票販子 / 票贩子 (piàofànzi)
• 私販 / 私贩
• 稗販 / 稗贩
• 興販 / 兴贩
• 行販 / 行贩
• 裨販 / 裨贩
• 販君 / 贩君
• 販售 / 贩售 (fànshòu)
• 販土 / 贩土
• 販夫走卒 / 贩夫走卒 (fànfūzǒuzú)
• 販子 / 贩子
• 販官鬻爵 / 贩官鬻爵
• 販弄 / 贩弄
• 販毒 / 贩毒 (fàndú)
• 販私 / 贩私 (fànsī)
• 貨販子 / 货贩子
• 販賣 / 贩卖 (fànmài)
• 販賣人口 / 贩卖人口
• 販賣機 / 贩卖机 (fànmàijī)
• 販賣部 / 贩卖部
• 販鹽虜 / 贩盐虏
• 量販 / 量贩 (liàngfàn)
• 量販店 / 量贩店 (liàngfàndiàn)
• 馬販子 / 马贩子 (mǎfànzi)
• 駝販 / 驼贩
• 魚販 / 鱼贩 (yúfàn)

 

Japanese

Kanji

販

(Jōyō kanji)

1. marketing
2. sell
3. trade

Readings

• Go-on: ほん (hon)
• Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
• Kun: あきなう (akinau, 販う)

Korean

Hanja

販 • (pan) (hangeul 판, revised pan, McCune–Reischauer p'an, Yale phan)

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Vietnamese

Han character

販: Hán Nôm readings: phiến, phán

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.