聽獄

Chinese

		let; allow; listen let; allow; listen; hear; obey	prison
trad. (聽獄)		聽	獄
simp. (听狱)		听	狱

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tīngyù, tìngyù

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄥㄩˋ, ㄊㄧㄥˋ ㄩˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tīngyù
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄥㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tingyù
  - Wade–Giles: tʻing¹-yü⁴
  - Yale: tīng-yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tingyuh
  - Palladius: тинъюй (tinʺjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiŋ⁵⁵ y⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; dated variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tìngyù
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄥˋ ㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tìngyù
  - Wade–Giles: tʻing⁴-yü⁴
  - Yale: tìng-yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tinqyuh
  - Palladius: тинъюй (tinʺjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: thengH ngjowk

Rime
Character	聽	獄
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	他定切	魚欲切
Baxter	thengH	ngjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰeŋ^H/	/ŋɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰeŋ^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛŋ^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛjŋ^H/	/ŋuawk̚/
Li Rong	/tʰeŋ^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Wang Li	/tʰieŋ^H/	/ŋĭwok̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰieŋ^H/	/ŋi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tìng	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ting³	juk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤeŋ-s [ŋ]rok/

(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰeːŋs ŋoɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	聽	獄
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tìng	yù
Middle Chinese	‹ theng^H ›	‹ ngjowk ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁeŋ-s/	/*[ŋ]rok/
English	listen to; obey	lawsuit; prison
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	聽	獄
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	11394	16032
Phonetic component	聖	獄
Rime group	耕	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	聽	玉
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰeːŋs/	/*ŋoɡ/

Verb

聽獄

(literary) to hear lawsuits
- 余聽獄雖不能察，必以情斷之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  余听狱虽不能察，必以情断之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Guoyu, circa 4^th century BCE
  Yú tīngyù suī bùnéng chá, bì yǐ qíng duàn zhī. [Pinyin]
  Although I cannot examine the cases one by one when hearing lawsuits, I shall judge them according to the true states of affairs.
- 賢者之治國者也，蚤朝晏退，聽獄治政，是以國家治而刑法正。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  贤者之治国者也，蚤朝晏退，听狱治政，是以国家治而刑法正。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mozi, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on Y. P. Mei's version
  Xiánzhě zhī zhìguózhě yě, zǎocháoyàntuì, tīngyù zhìzhèng, shì yǐ guójiā zhì ér xíngfǎ zhèng. [Pinyin]
  When the virtuous rules the country, he starts the day early and retires late, hearing lawsuits and attending to the government. As a result, the country is well governed and laws are justly administered.
- 天子賞罰不當，聽獄不中，天下疾病禍福，霜露不時。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  天子赏罚不当，听狱不中，天下疾病祸福，霜露不时。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mozi, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on Y. P. Mei's version
  Tiānzǐ shǎngfá bù dàng, tīngyù bù zhòng, tiānxià jíbìng huòfú, shuānglù bù shí. [Pinyin]
  When the emperor is unjust in reward and punishment and not judicious in hearing lawsuits, Heaven visits him with disease and calamities, and frost and dew will be untimely.