罪過

See also: 罪过

Chinese

		guilt; crime; fault guilt; crime; fault; blame; sin	to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker) to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker); to pass; to celebrate; to live; to get along; excessively; too-
trad. (罪過)		罪	過
simp. (罪过)		罪	过

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zuìguò

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄍㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zeoi⁶ gwo³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhui-ko

  (Hailu, HRS): cui^˖ go^ˇ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cui⁴ guo⁴

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chōe-kò / chǒe-kò͘ / chōe-kòa
• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶ze-ku₅ / ⁶ze-kou₅ / ⁶zei-kou₅; ⁶zei-khou₅ / ⁶dzuei-ku₅ / ⁴ze-ku₅

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuìguò → zuìguo (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄍㄨㄛˋ → ㄗㄨㄟˋ ˙ㄍㄨㄛ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuèiguo̊
    • Wade–Giles: tsui⁴-kuo⁵
    • Yale: dzwèi-gwo
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuey.guoh
    • Palladius: цзуйго (czujgo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯ɔ⁵¹/ → /t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ g̊u̯ɔ¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zeoi⁶ gwo³
    • Yale: jeuih gwo
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey⁶ gwo³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zêu⁶ guo³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵy̯²² kʷɔː³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhui-ko
    • Hakka Romanization System: cui go
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cui⁴ go⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu̯i⁵⁵ ko⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: cui^˖ go^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰui³³ ko¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cui⁴ guo⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kuo⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chōe-kò
    • Tâi-lô: tsuē-kò
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoexkoix
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sue³³⁻²¹ kɤ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sue³³⁻¹¹ ko¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sue²²⁻²¹ ko²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǒe-kò͘
    • Tâi-lô: tsuě-kòo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sue²² kɔ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chōe-kòa
    • Tâi-lô: tsuē-kuà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoexkoax
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sue³³⁻¹¹ kua¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sue²²⁻²¹ kua²¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sue³³⁻²¹ kua²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ze-ku₅
    • MiniDict: ze^去 ku^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ze-ku₂
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ze²² ku⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ze-kou₅
    • MiniDict: ze^去 kou^去
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ze²³ kəu¹¹/
  • (Northern: Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zei-kou₅; ⁶zei-khou₅
    • MiniDict: zei^去 kou^去; zei^去 khou^去
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /zɐɪ²² kəu⁴⁴/, /zɐɪ²² kʰəu⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶dzuei-ku₅
    • MiniDict: dzuei^去 ku^去
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡zzʷei¹¹ ku⁵³/
  • (Northern: Songjiang, Tongxiang, Haining)
    • Wugniu: ⁴ze-ku₅
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ze²² ku³⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /zɛ⁴² ku⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /ze⁵⁵ ku²¹/

Noun

罪過

1. sin; offence; fault

   • 至好朋友就是耶穌，擔當罪過與煩惱 [Hokkien, trad.]
     至好朋友就是耶稣，担当罪过与烦恼 [Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 1964, 至好朋友就是耶穌 (What a Friend We Have in Jesus), in 《聖詩》

     Chì-hó pêng-iú chiū-sī Iâ-so͘, Tam-tng chōe-kòa kap hoân-ló [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     [Our] best Friend is Jesus, bearing [our] sins and worries. [literal translation]
     What a Friend we have in Jesus, All our sins and griefs to bear! [original lyrics]

Synonyms

• 罪惡／罪恶 (zuì'è)
• (literary) 罪愆 (zuìqiān), 罪尤
• (Dungan) гўнахар (gwnahar)

Interjection

罪過

1. (polite) sorry; excuse me; thank you; this is more than I deserve; sorry for troubling you

Verb

罪過

1. (archaic) to criticize; to blame; to rebuke
   • 1624, Feng Menglong, Jingshi Tongyan, page 266:

     老拙兩個薄薄罪過他兩句言語，不想女兒性重，頓然悒怏，不喫飲食，數日而死。 [MSC, trad.]
     老拙两个薄薄罪过他两句言语，不想女儿性重，顿然悒怏，不吃饮食，数日而死。 [MSC, simp.]

     Lǎozhuō liǎng ge bóbó zuìguò tā liǎng jù yányǔ, bù xiǎng nǚ'ér xìng zhòng, dùnrán yìyàng, bù chī yǐnshí, shùrì ér sǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (Ningbonese) to pity; to empathize with

   介壞人吃槍斃，一眼好甮罪過渠個。 [Ningbonese, trad.]
   介坏人吃枪毙，一眼好甮罪过渠个。 [Ningbonese, simp.]

   You don't need to pity such a wicked person at all for getting executed by shooting.

Adjective

罪過

1. (Huizhou, Northern Wu) pitiful; pitiable; poor
2. (Northern Wu, morally or common sense-wise) wrong; unsound; undeserving; not righteous; consituting a faux pas

   好好叫飯倒帶掉，罪過個。 [Ningbonese, trad.]
   好好叫饭倒带掉，罪过个。 [Ningbonese, simp.]

   It's shameful to be throwing this perfectly good food away.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 可憐 (“pitiful; pitiable; poor”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		可憐, 可憐見
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	可憐
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	可憐
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	孽障
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	造孽
	Guiyang	造孽
Cantonese	Hong Kong	陰功, 冇陰功, 可憐
	Dongguan	陰功
Gan	Nanchang	可憐
	Pingxiang	可憐
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	可憐, 衰過
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	可憐, 衰過
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	可憐, 衰過
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	可憐, 衰過
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	可憐, 衰過
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	苦憐
Huizhou	Jixi	造孽, 罪過
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	現世, 悲
Southern Min	Xiamen	可憐代
	Quanzhou	可憐代
	Jinjiang	可憐代
	Zhangzhou	可憐代
	Tainan	可憐代 GT
	Penang (Hokkien)	可憐代
	Manila (Hokkien)	可憐代
Wu	Shanghai	罪過
	Hangzhou	罪過
	Ningbo	罪過
	Jinhua	罪過
Xiang	Changsha	造孽
	Loudi	造孽

Derived terms

• 收罪過 / 收罪过
• 罪過人 / 罪过人
• 罪過八臘 / 罪过八腊
• 罪過相 / 罪过相

Pronunciation 2

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chē-kòa / chěr-kòa / chōe-kòa / chě-kòa

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chē-kòa
    • Tâi-lô: tsē-kuà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zexkoax
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se³³⁻²¹ kua²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡se²²⁻²¹ kua²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡se³³⁻¹¹ kua¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chěr-kòa
    • Tâi-lô: tsěr-kuà
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sə²² kua⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chōe-kòa
    • Tâi-lô: tsuē-kuà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoexkoax
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sue³³⁻¹¹ kua¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sue³³⁻²¹ kua²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chě-kòa
    • Tâi-lô: tsě-kuà
    • IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡se³³⁻²² kua⁴¹/

Verb

罪過

1. (Hokkien) to sin; to commit an offence

Adjective

罪過

1. (Taiwanese Hokkien) painful

Synonyms

• 痛楚 (tòngchǔ)
• 痛苦 (tòngkǔ)