未亡人

Chinese

		not yet; 8th earthly branch; 1–3 p.m.	to die; to perish	man; person; people
trad. (未亡人)		未	亡	人
simp. #(未亡人)		未	亡	人
Literally: “the person who hasn't yet died”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wèiwángrén

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mei⁶ mong⁴ jan⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bī-bông-jîn / bī-bông-lîn

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wèiwángrén
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wèiwángrén
    • Wade–Giles: wei⁴-wang²-jên²
    • Yale: wèi-wáng-rén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weywangren
    • Palladius: вэйванжэнь (vɛjvanžɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯⁵¹ wɑŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: mei⁶ mong⁴ jan⁴
    • Yale: meih mòhng yàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mei⁶ mong⁴ jan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: méi⁶ mong⁴ yen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mei̯²² mɔːŋ²¹ jɐn²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bī-bông-jîn
    • Tâi-lô: bī-bông-jîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bixbongjiin
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bi³³⁻²¹ bɔŋ²³⁻³³ zin²³/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bī-bông-lîn
    • Tâi-lô: bī-bông-lîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bixbongliin
    • IPA (Taipei): /bi³³⁻¹¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: mj+jH mjang nyin

Rime
Character	未	亡	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	明 (4)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	微 (21)	陽 (106)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	無沸切	武方切	如鄰切
Baxter	mj+jH	mjang	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mʉiH/	/mʉɐŋ/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/mʷɨiH/	/mʷiɐŋ/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/miuəiH/	/miuɑŋ/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mujH/	/muaŋ/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/miuəiH/	/miuaŋ/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/mĭwəiH/	/mĭwaŋ/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mwe̯iH/	/miwaŋ/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wèi	wáng	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mei6	mong4	jan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m[ə]t-s  maŋ  ni[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mɯds  maŋ  njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	未	未	亡	人
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wèi	wèi	wáng	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ mjɨjH ›	‹ mjɨjH ›	‹ mjang ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*m[ə]t-s/	/*m[ə]t-s/	/*maŋ/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	not yet	8th earthly branch	flee; disappear; die	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	未	亡	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
No.	12917	12662	10800
Phonetic component	未	亡	人
Rime group	隊	陽	眞
Rime subdivision	1	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	未	亡	仁
Old Chinese	/*mɯds/	/*maŋ/	/*njin/
Notes	從屮從木與芔字同根， 陳獨秀雲木上加屮象幼枝

Noun

未亡人

1. (literary) widow (typically as self-reference)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (未亡人):

• → Japanese: 未(み)亡(ぼう)人(じん) (mibōjin)

Japanese

Pronunciation 1

Kanji in this term
未	亡	人
み Grade: 4	ぼう Grade: 6	じん Grade: 1
on'yomi

• (Tokyo) みぼーじん [mìbóꜜòjìǹ] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [mʲibo̞ːʑĩɴ]

Noun

未(み)亡(ぼう)人(じん) • (mibōjin) ^{←みばうじん (mibauzin)?}

1. widow

Synonyms

• 寡婦(かふ) (kafu)
• 後家(ごけ) (goke)
• やもめ (yamome)

Related terms

• 男(おとこ)やもめ (otokoyamome)
• 寡夫(かふ) (kafu)
• 寡(か)フ (kafu)
• やもお (yamō)

Pronunciation 2

Kanji in this term
未	亡	人
び Grade: 4	ぼう Grade: 6	じん Grade: 1
on'yomi

• (Tokyo) びぼーじん [bìbóꜜòjìǹ] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [bʲibo̞ːʑĩɴ]

Noun

未(び)亡(ぼう)人(じん) • (bibōjin) ^{←びばうじん (bibauzin)?}

1. widow

Korean

Hanja in this term
未	亡	人

Noun

未亡人 • (mimang'in) (hangeul 미망인)

1. hanja form^? of 미망인