引決

Chinese

		to incur, to cause	decision, judgment
trad. (引決)		引	決
simp. (引决)		引	决
Literally: “to settle the matter”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǐnjué

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˇ ㄐㄩㄝˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁵ kyut³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǐnjué
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˇ ㄐㄩㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǐnjyué
    • Wade–Giles: yin³-chüeh²
    • Yale: yǐn-jywé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiinjyue
    • Palladius: иньцзюэ (inʹczjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /in²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jan⁵ kyut³
    • Yale: yáhn kyut
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁵ kyt⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: yen⁵ küd³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn¹³ kʰyːt̚³/

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• Middle Chinese: yinX|yinH kwet

Rime
Character	引	引	決
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	以 (36)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	眞 (43)	屑 (88)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III	IV
Fanqie	余忍切	羊晉切	古穴切
Baxter	yinX	yinH	kwet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiɪnX/	/jiɪnH/	/kwet̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jinX/	/jinH/	/kʷet̚/
Shao Rongfen	/jenX/	/jenH/	/kuɛt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jinX/	/jinH/	/kwɛt̚/
Li Rong	/iĕnX/	/iĕnH/	/kuet̚/
Wang Li	/jĭĕnX/	/jĭĕnH/	/kiwet̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ĕnX/	/i̯ĕnH/	/kiwet̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǐn	yìn	jue
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan5	jan6	gyut3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*li[n]ʔ|li[n]ʔ-s  [k]ʷˤet/

  (Zhengzhang): /*linʔ|lins  kʷeːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	引	引	決
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǐn	yǐn	jué
Middle Chinese	‹ yinX ›	‹ yinH ›	‹ kwet ›
Old Chinese	/*li[n]ʔ/	/*li[n]ʔ-s/	/*[k]ʷˁet/
English	draw the bow	draw the bow	open; decide
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	引	引	決
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
No.	15306	15312	4416
Phonetic component	引	引	夬
Rime group	眞	眞	月
Rime subdivision	1	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	引	𦙍	玦
Old Chinese	/*linʔ/	/*lins/	/*kʷeːd/

Verb

引決

1. (Classical) to kill oneself; to die by suicide

   • 及罪至罔加，不能引決自裁，在塵埃之中，古今一體，安在其不辱也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     及罪至罔加，不能引决自裁，在尘埃之中，古今一体，安在其不辱也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Sima Qian, Letter to Ren An. 1st century BCE. Translated by Burton Watson.

     Jí zuì zhì wǎng jiā, bùnéng yǐnjué zìcái, zài chén'āi zhīzhōng, gǔjīn yī tǐ, ān zài qí bù rǔ yě. [Pinyin]

     But when they were accused of crimes and sentences were passed on them, there were not one who could settle the matter with his own hands by committing suicide. In the dust and filth of bondage, it has ever been the same, past and present.

2. (Classical) to adjudicate; to rule; to return