對牛彈琴
Appearance
See also: 对牛弹琴
Chinese
[edit]couple; pair; to be opposite couple; pair; to be opposite; to oppose; to face; for; to; correct (answer); to answer; to reply; to direct (towards something); right |
ox; cow; bull | to play certain musical instruments that can be described as, such as some stringed instruments, or a keyboard instrument | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (對牛彈琴) | 對 | 牛 | 彈琴 | |
simp. (对牛弹琴) | 对 | 牛 | 弹琴 | |
Literally: “playing the guqin to a cow”. |
Etymology
[edit]First attested in c. 3rd century CE in the story of the Warring States-era musician Gongming Yi (公明儀) playing the zither to a cow, recorded in Mouzi Lihuolun. Mouzi used this example to illustrate the correct way to explain Buddhism to people with Confucian backgrounds.
- 公明儀為牛彈《清角》之操,伏食如故。非牛不聞,不合其耳矣。轉為蚊虻之聲、孤犢之鳴,即掉尾、奮耳,蹀躞而聽。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Sengyou, Hongming Ji, c. 5th Century AD
- Gōngmíng Yí wèi niú dàn “Qīngjiǎo” zhī cāo, fú shí rúgù. Fēi niú bù wén, bù hé qí ěr yǐ. Zhuǎn wèi wén méng zhī shēng, gū dú zhī míng, jí diào wěi, fèn ěr, diéxiè ér tīng. [Pinyin]
- Gongming Yi played the song Qing Jue to a cow. It continued eating grass as if nothing had happened. [The problem] was not that the cow did not listen, it was [the music] not suitable for the cow's ears instead. He then made noises of mosquitoes, flies, and lone calves, and the cow started wagging its tail, turned its ears, and listened while strolling.
公明仪为牛弹《清角》之操,伏食如故。非牛不闻,不合其耳矣。转为蚊虻之声、孤犊之鸣,即掉尾、奋耳,蹀躞而听。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): deoi3 ngau4 taan4 kam4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tui-ngiù-thàn-khìm
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): tùi-gû-tôaⁿ-khîm
- (Teochew, Peng'im): dui3 ghu5 duan5 kim5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄟˋ ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄊㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: duèinióutáncín
- Wade–Giles: tui4-niu2-tʻan2-chʻin2
- Yale: dwèi-nyóu-tán-chín
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dueynioutarnchyn
- Palladius: дуйнютаньцинь (dujnjutanʹcinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ tʰän³⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: deoi3 ngau4 taan4 kam4
- Yale: deui ngàuh tàahn kàhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: doey3 ngau4 taan4 kam4
- Guangdong Romanization: dêu3 ngeo4 tan4 kem4
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɵy̯³³ ŋɐu̯²¹ tʰaːn²¹ kʰɐm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tui-ngiù-thàn-khìm
- Hakka Romanization System: dui ngiuˇ tanˇ kimˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: dui4 ngiu2 tan2 kim2
- Sinological IPA: /tu̯i⁵⁵ ŋi̯u¹¹ tʰan¹¹ kʰim¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tùi-gû-tôaⁿ-khîm
- Tâi-lô: tuì-gû-tuânn-khîm
- Phofsit Daibuun: duie'gu'dvoa'qiim
- IPA (Xiamen): /tui²¹⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴⁻²² tuã²⁴⁻²² kʰim²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² tuã²⁴⁻²² kʰim²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tui²¹⁻⁵³ ɡu¹³⁻²² tuã¹³⁻²² kʰim¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /tui¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ tuã²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰim²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tui²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡu²³⁻³³ tuã²³⁻³³ kʰim²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: dui3 ghu5 duan5 kim5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tùi gû tuâⁿ khîm
- Sinological IPA (key): /tui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰim⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
[edit]對牛彈琴 (chengyu)
- to talk about something that one's listener can not understand or turns a deaf ear to; to talk to a brick wall; to preach to deaf ears
Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Japanese: 牛に対して琴を弾ず (ushi ni tai shite koto o danzu) (calque)
- → Vietnamese: đàn gảy tai trâu (calque)
- → Thai: สีซอให้ควายฟัง (sǐi-sɔɔ-hâi-kwaai-fang) (calque)
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- Chinese terms spelled with 對
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