囚

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囚 U+56DA, 囚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56DA
← 囙
[U+56D9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 四 →
[U+56DB]

Translingual

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Han character

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囚 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田人 (WO), four-corner 60800, composition ⿴囗人)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 216, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4680
  • Dae Jaweon: page 439, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 710, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+56DA

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 囚
alternative forms 𡆢
团
𡆥

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (囚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鮂 *ʔslu, *lju
囚 *lju
泅 *lju
苬 *lju

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 囗 (“box, enclosure”) + 人 (“person”) – an enclosed person: confinement, prisoner. Similar but unrelated to 因. Unrelated to 𥁕.

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 囚
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰiou³⁵/
/t͡ɕʰiou⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰiou⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰiou⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰiou⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡sʰiou⁴²/
Zhengzhou /siou⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiou²⁴/
Xining /ɕiɯ²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰiəu⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiou⁵³/
/t͡ɕʰiou⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰiɤu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰiəu²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕiəu³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰiəu²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiəu³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰiəɯ²⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiɯ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiəu¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕiəu¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiəu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑiɤ²³/
Suzhou /zɤ¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiø²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑɤu³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡siəu¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡ziəɯ¹²/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /siu¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰɐu²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰɐu²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰɐu²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /siu³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰieu⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰiu²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰiu⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /siu³¹/
/sɔu³¹/
Rime
Character 囚
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 邪 (17)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 似尤切
Baxter zjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/zɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ziu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ziəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/zuw/
Li
Rong 		/ziu/
Wang
Li 		/zĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/zi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xiú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cau4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 囚
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qiú
Middle
Chinese 		‹ zjuw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*sə.lu/
English prisoner

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 囚
Reading # 1/1
No. 10554
Phonetic
component 		囚
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*lju/

Definitions

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囚

  1. prisoner, convict
  2. to confine, to imprison

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 囚犯 (“prisoner”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 囚
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 囚犯, 囚徒, 犯人
Northeastern Mandarin Harbin 犯人
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 犯人
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 犯人
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 犯人
Wanrong 犯人
Xi'an 犯人
Xining 犯人
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 犯人
Lanzhou 犯人
Ürümqi 犯人
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 坐班房的, 坐牢的, 犯人
Wuhan 犯人
Guiyang 犯人
Liuzhou 犯人
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 犯人
Yangzhou 犯人
Cantonese Guangzhou 犯, 監犯, 監躉
Hong Kong 監犯, 監躉, 犯
Taishan 監犯
Dongguan 監犯, 監躉
Gan Nanchang 犯人
Lichuan 犯人
Pingxiang 犯人
Hakka Meixian 犯人, 監犯
Yudu 犯人
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 囚犯
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 囚犯
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 囚犯
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 囚犯
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 囚犯
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 犯人
Huizhou Jixi 犯人
Jin Taiyuan 犯人, 囚犯
Xinzhou 犯人
Northern Min Jian'ou 犯人
Eastern Min Fuzhou 監囚, 監犯
Southern Min Xiamen 監犯, 監囚
Zhangzhou 監囚, 監犯
Shantou 犯人, 監犯
Haikou 監犯
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 犯人
Wu Shanghai 吃官司人, 犯人, 囚犯
Shanghai (Chongming) 犯人
Suzhou 犯人, 吃監牢個
Hangzhou 犯人
Ningbo 牢監犯, 犯人
Wenzhou 犯人
Jinhua 犯人
Xiang Changsha 犯人
Loudi 犯人

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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囚

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. capture, arrest, criminal, catch

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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囚 • (su) (hangeul 수)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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囚: Hán Nôm readings: tù

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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