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| Rime
|
| Character
|
嗟
|
嘆
|
嘆
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
1/2
|
2/2
|
| Initial (聲)
|
精 (13)
|
透 (6)
|
透 (6)
|
| Final (韻)
|
麻 (100)
|
寒 (61)
|
寒 (61)
|
| Tone (調)
|
Level (Ø)
|
Level (Ø)
|
Departing (H)
|
| Openness (開合)
|
Open
|
Open
|
Open
|
| Division (等)
|
III
|
I
|
I
|
| Fanqie
|
子邪切
|
他干切
|
他旦切
|
| Baxter
|
tsjae
|
than
|
thanH
|
| Reconstructions
|
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
|
/t͡sia/
|
/tʰɑn/
|
/tʰɑnH/
|
Pan
Wuyun
|
/t͡sia/
|
/tʰɑn/
|
/tʰɑnH/
|
Shao
Rongfen
|
/t͡sia/
|
/tʰɑn/
|
/tʰɑnH/
|
Edwin
Pulleyblank
|
/t͡sia/
|
/tʰan/
|
/tʰanH/
|
Li
Rong
|
/t͡sia/
|
/tʰɑn/
|
/tʰɑnH/
|
Wang
Li
|
/t͡sĭa/
|
/tʰɑn/
|
/tʰɑnH/
|
Bernhard
Karlgren
|
/t͡si̯a/
|
/tʰɑn/
|
/tʰɑnH/
|
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
|
jiē
|
tān
|
tàn
|
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
|
ze1
|
taan1
|
taan3
|
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
嗟
|
嘆
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
jiē
|
tàn
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ tsjæ ›
|
‹ thanH ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*tsAj/
|
/*n̥ˁar-s/
|
| English
|
sigh; alas!
|
sigh
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
嗟
|
嘆
|
嘆
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
1/2
|
2/2
|
| No.
|
18026
|
4890
|
4895
|
Phonetic
component
|
左
|
暵
|
暵
|
Rime
group
|
歌
|
元
|
元
|
Rime
subdivision
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
嗟
|
灘
|
炭
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*ʔsljal/
|
/*n̥ʰaːn/
|
/*n̥ʰaːns/
|
嗟嘆
- (literary) to sigh (with regret); to lament; to exclaim
