半夜

Chinese

		half; semi-; incomplete half; semi-; incomplete; (after a number) and a half	night
simp. and trad. (半夜)		半	夜
anagram		夜半

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bànyè

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄢˋ ㄧㄝˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ban⁴ ye⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): бане (bani͡ə, III-I) / бане (bani͡ə, III-III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bun³ je⁶ / bun³ je^6-2

(Taishan, Wiktionary): bon¹ yie^5-4*
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pan-ya

(Hailu, HRS): ban^ˇ rha^˖

(Meixian, Guangdong): ban⁴ ya⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): ban³ ie³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): poàn-iā / pòaⁿ-iā
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵poe-ya

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bànyè
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˋ ㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bànyè
  - Wade–Giles: pan⁴-yeh⁴
  - Yale: bàn-yè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bannyeh
  - Palladius: банье (banʹje)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pän⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ban⁴ ye⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: banje
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pan²¹³ iɛ²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: бане (bani͡ə, III-I) / бане (bani͡ə, III-III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pæ̃⁴⁴ iə²⁴/, /pæ̃⁴⁴ iə⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bun³ je⁶ / bun³ je^6-2
  - Yale: bun yeh / bun yé
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bun³ je⁶ / bun³ je^6-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: bun³ yé⁶ / bun³ yé^6-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puːn³³ jɛː²²/, /puːn³³ jɛː²²⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: bon¹ yie^5-4*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pᵘɔn³³ jiɛ³²⁻²¹⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pan-ya
  - Hakka Romanization System: ban ia
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ban⁴ ya⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pan⁵⁵ i̯a⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pan-ya
  - Hakka Romanization System: ban (r)ia
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ban⁴ ya⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pan⁵⁵ (j)i̯a⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ban^ˇ rha^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /pan¹¹ ʒa³³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ban⁴ ya⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ia⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ban³ ie³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pæ̃⁴⁵ ie⁴⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poàn-iā
  - Tâi-lô: puàn-iā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poarn'ia
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /puan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ia⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /puan²¹⁻⁵³ ia²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pòaⁿ-iā
  - Tâi-lô: puànn-iā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pvoaria
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /puã²¹⁻⁵³ ia²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /puã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ia⁴¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵poe-ya
  - MiniDict: poe^去 ya
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²poe-hhia
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pø³³ ɦia⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: panH yaeH

Rime
Character	半	夜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	博慢切	羊謝切
Baxter	panH	yaeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puɑn^H/	/jia^H/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷɑn^H/	/jia^H/
Shao Rongfen	/puɑn^H/	/ia^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pwan^H/	/jia^H/
Li Rong	/puɑn^H/	/ia^H/
Wang Li	/puɑn^H/	/jĭa^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/puɑn^H/	/i̯a^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàn	yè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bun³	je⁶

Noun

半夜

half of the night
前半夜 ― qián bànyè ― first half of the night
midnight; (in general) late at night; deep of the night; the middle of the night
- 忽然大雷大雨，加以冰雹，落到半夜方止，壞卻房屋無數。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  忽然大雷大雨，加以冰雹，落到半夜方止，坏却房屋无数。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14^th century CE
  Hūrán dà léi dà yǔ, jiāyǐ bīngbáo, luò dào bànyè fāng zhǐ, huài què fángwū wúshù. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 半夜 (“midnight; late night”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		半夜, 夜半, 午夜, 深夜, 子夜
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	半夜
	Taiwan	半夜
	Harbin	半夜
	Malaysia	半夜
	Singapore	半夜
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	半夜, 半拉夜
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	半夜
	Xi'an	半夜
	Xuzhou	半夜
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	半夜
	Lanzhou	半夜裡, 半夜會
	Ürümqi	半夜
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	半夜
	Wuhan	半夜, 半夜裡
	Guiyang	半夜
	Guilin	半夜
	Liuzhou	半夜
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	半夜, 半夜裡頭
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	夜頭, 夜裡頭, 夜心頭
Cantonese	Guangzhou	半夜
	Hong Kong	半夜
	Macau	半夜
	Taishan	半夜
	Dongguan	半夜
	Yangjiang	半夜
	Nanning	半晚
	Wuzhou	半夜
	Yulin	半夜
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	半夜
	Danzhou	老夜
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	半夜
	Singapore (Guangfu)	半夜
Gan	Nanchang	半夜
	Lichuan	半夜
	Pingxiang	半夜
Hakka	Meixian	半夜, 半夜隔
	Yudu	半夜
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	半夜, 半夜仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	半夜, 半夜仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	半夜, 半夜仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	半夜
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	半夜, 半夜仔
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	半夜
Huizhou	Jixi	半夜
Jin	Taiyuan	半夜
Jin	Xinzhou	半夜
Northern Min	Jian'ou	半暝
	Jianyang	半暝
	Pucheng (Shibei)	半暝
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	半暝, 半暝囝
	Fuzhou (Changle)	半暝囝
	Fuqing	半暝
	Yongtai	半暝
	Gutian	半暝
	Fu'an	半暝
	Ningde	半暝
	Zhouning	半暝
	Fuding	半暝
Southern Min	Xiamen	半暝
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	半暝
	Quanzhou	半暝
	Jinjiang	半暝
	Yongchun	半暝
	Zhangzhou	半暝
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	半暝
	Zhao'an	半暝
	Kaohsiung	半暝
	Yilan	暝尾仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	半暝仔
	Taichung	半暝
	Taichung (Wuqi)	半暝
	Tainan	半暝仔, 半暝
	Taitung	半暝
	Hsinchu	半暝
	Penghu (Magong)	半暝
	Penang (Hokkien)	半暝
	Singapore (Hokkien)	半暝
	Manila (Hokkien)	半暝
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	半暝
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	半暝
	Chaozhou	半暝
	Shantou	半暝
	Haifeng	半暝
	Singapore (Teochew)	半暝
	Leizhou	半暝
	Wenchang	半暝
	Haikou	午暝, 半暝
	Qionghai	半暝
	Singapore (Hainanese)	半暝
Puxian Min	Putian	半暝
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	半暝
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	半暝
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	半暝
	Xianyou	半暝
	Xianyou (Fengting)	半暝
	Xianyou (Youyang)	半暝
	Fuding (Aoyao)	半暝
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	半暝
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	半暝
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	半夜
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	半夜
Wu	Shanghai	半夜, 半夜裡向, 半夜裡
	Danyang	半夜裡, 半夜頭
	Hangzhou	半夜裡
	Ningbo	半夜裡, 半夜過
	Jinhua	半夜
Xiang	Changsha	半夜間子

Derived terms